Impact of Pharmacist-Led Diabetes Self-Care Education on Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in Pakistan: A Randomized Controlled Trial
3
Issued Date
2022-02-09
Resource Type
eISSN
16639812
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85125313440
Journal Title
Frontiers in Pharmacology
Volume
13
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol.13 (2022)
Suggested Citation
Bukhsh A., Khan T.M., Phisalprapa P., Duangjai A., Saokaew S., Nawaz M.S., Ahmed H.S., Goh B.H. Impact of Pharmacist-Led Diabetes Self-Care Education on Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in Pakistan: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Frontiers in Pharmacology Vol.13 (2022). doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.754999 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/86118
Title
Impact of Pharmacist-Led Diabetes Self-Care Education on Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in Pakistan: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Introduction: There is a little evidence on efficacy of pharmacy-based interventions on clinical outcomes of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Pakistan. Objective: To appraise the impact of pharmacist-led self-care education on glycemic control, self-care practices and disease knowledge of T2DM patients with poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7%). Methods: In this 6-months, randomized controlled trial (RCT), n = 75, T2DM patients seeking care at a diabetes clinic were randomized in to two groups. Intervention group (n = 38) received two face-to-face educational sessions (at enrollment and on week 12), whereas control group (n = 37) received usual care. Outcome measures such as glycemic control, self-care practices and disease knowledge were assessed at the time of enrollment and after 6-months in both groups. Results: Thirty-three intervention and thirty-three participants from the control group completed the study. Mean glycated hemoglobin (% HbA1c) significantly reduced in the intervention group from 9.00 ± 1.43 to 8.09 ± 1.16 (p <.01). However, no significant change was observed in the control group (9.20 ± 1.24 to 8.93 ±.97; p =.06). Cohen’s d effect size of the intervention on HbA1c was.78. Percentage of participants achieving glycemic control (HbA1c < 7%) were significantly higher (p <.05) in the intervention group as compared to the control group (twenty-four vs. six), after 6 months of the trial. A significant (p <.01) improvement in mean scores for disease knowledge and self-care activities was also observed in the intervention group participants, whereas no significant improvements (p >.05) were observed in the control group. Conclusion: The study demonstrated an improvement in glycemic control, disease knowledge and self-care activities of T2DM patients who received pharmacist-led educational intervention. The study findings support clinical significance of integrating pharmacy-based interventions in diabetes management.