Scopus 2025
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/102712
Browse
Recent Submissions
Item Metadata only Boosting Dual Photocatalytic Activity of Hydrogen Production and Selective Coupling of Benzyl Alcohol Using Assembled Poly(ionic liquid)s and CdS Quantum Dots(2025-01-01) Rumporee S.; Boonta W.; Watwiangkham A.; Sudyoadsuk T.; Chakarawet K.; Vinayavekhin N.; Fujii S.; Butburee T.; Suthirakun S.; Unruangsri J.; Rumporee S.; Mahidol UniversityDual photocatalysis converts renewable solar energy into clean fuel and concomitantly value-added chemical synthesis through hydrogen generation and selective organic transformation, using semiconductor catalysts. The catalytic activity of solitary component semiconductor photocatalysts is impeded by their inefficient charge separation and transfer. We, herein, present a facile method, electrostatic assembly, to create hybrid photocatalysts that consist of CdS quantum dots and non-conjugated poly(ionic liquid)s including poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium bromide) (P(DADMA)) and poly(1-ethyl-3-vinylimidazolium bromide) (P(VEIM)). Poly(ionic liquid)s acted as electron donors to CdS, resulting in an increase in charge separation and transportation in CdS/P(DADMA) and CdS/P(VEIM) hybrids, as demonstrated by experimental and computational results. The optimal photocatalysis of benzyl alcohol (BA) in water was achieved by CdS/P(DADMA) under 12 h LED370 illumination in a nitrogen-atmosphere. This process produced 12.8 mmol gcat−1 h−1 of H2 and 12.5 mmol gcat−1 h−1 of racemic hydrobenzoin (HB) with 99 % selectivity. In photocatalysis, CdS/P(DADMA) outperformed CdS/P(VEIM) and CdS by a significant margin. Our photocatalytic system enabled the BA-to-HB conversion in water, of which the reaction is commonly sluggish due to a mass transfer constraint. The insightful DFT calculation confirmed that poly(ionic liquid)s may stabilize active intermediate species in the process, significantly enhancing photogenerated charge expedition and photocatalytic performance.Item Metadata only Sacha inchi meal protein hydrolysate mitigates lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in HepG2 and 3 T3-L1 cells and synergistically enhances captopril's antihypertensive effects in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats(2025-04-01) Sa-nguanpong P.; Wetprasit P.; Inchan A.; Chaichana C.; Kaewkong W.; Charoenphon N.; Adthapanyawanich K.; Tantanarat K.; Tochampa W.; Ruttarattanamongkol K.; Bualeong T.; Sa-nguanpong P.; Mahidol UniversityThis study evaluates the antihypertensive effects of Sacha Inchi meal protein hydrolysate (SIPH) in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats treated with L-NAME (40 mg/kg) received SIPH (100, 300, or 500 mg/kg), captopril (5 mg/kg), or a combination of captopril (2.5 mg/kg) and SIPH (500 mg/kg) for 5 weeks. Blood pressure was monitored weekly and verified via carotid artery cannulation. SIPH at 500 mg/kg, incombination with captopril, significantly reduced blood pressure, upregulated eNOS expression, alleviated renal and liver injury, enhanced sperm viability, and downregulated VCAM-1 expression. In HepG2 and 3 T3-L1 cells, SIPH mitigated oxidative stress, hepatic steatosis, and lipid accumulation. Together, these in vitro and in vivo findings suggest that SIPH could serve as a promising nutraceutical candidate for antihypertensive functional foods.Item Metadata only The Osteoinductive Effect of Water-Soluble Matrix from Nano-Nacre Particles of Haliotis diversicolor (H. diversicolor) Abalone on MC3T3-E1 Osteoblasts(2025-03-01) Suwannasing C.; Prapan A.; Surinlert P.; Sombutkayasith C.; Weerachatyanukul W.; Suwannasing C.; Mahidol UniversityOsteoporosis is characterized by an imbalance between osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption, leading to an increased risk of fractures. The water-soluble matrix (WSM) of nacre exhibits osteoinductive properties in osteoblastic cells, both in vitro and in vivo. However, its release from natural nacre remains challenging due to its solid and compact surface. This study aimed to prepare nano-nacre particles with smaller diameters than intact aragonite crystals to enhance WSM release and to investigate its effects on osteoblast differentiation. Size analysis and SEM imaging showed that the nano-nacre particles had an average size of about 600 nm. Furthermore, their effects on osteoblast differentiation and mineralization were evaluated through qPCR and ARS assay. The results showed that WSM significantly upregulated key osteogenic genes, including RUNX2, ALP, and OCN, in a dose- and time-dependent manner over 14 days, with fold-changes ranging from 1.6 to 3.6. Additionally, the mineralization effects showed calcium deposition levels comparable to those of the positive group. These findings suggest that WSM may be a promising soluble factor for osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. Therefore, understanding the effects of the WSM from H. diversicolor nano-nacre particles on osteoblasts in vitro may provide evidence suggesting that it could be a promising anti-osteoporosis agent.Item Metadata only Facile synthesis of hybridized Co/Fe-ZIF under solvent-free conditions for efficient oxidation evolution reaction electrocatalysis(2025-01-01) Xu Y.; Li Z.; Cheng Z.; Chaemchuen S.; Xu Y.; Mahidol UniversityDeveloping non-noble catalyst synthesis under green conditions with efficient electrochemical reactions is a challenging task in green energy technologies. To meet this challenge, the synthesis of hybridized non-noble cobalt and iron in the zeolitic-imidazole framework (Co/Fe-ZIF) through a solid-state thermal (SST) method is developed. In the obtained Co/Fe-ZIF structure, iron atoms are uniformly dispersed and randomly hybridized with primary cobalt atoms and imidazole linker, similar to the structure of ZIF-67. The hybridized Co/Fe-ZIF shows potential as an electrocatalyst for oxidation evolution reaction (OER). The optimal iron-incorporating catalyst, Co/Fe0.2-ZIF, demonstrates remarkable performance with a minimized overpotential of 285 mV at the current density (j) of 10 mA·cm−2 in 1 M KOH. The synergistic effect of iron and cobalt ions on the catalyst provides active sites that bind to intermediate (OOH*) more strongly and facilitate high electron charge transfer, enhancing efficient electrocatalyst. Furthermore, the synergistic Co/Fe0.2-ZIF catalyst demonstrates excellent durable reaction time compared to non-iron catalyst (ZIF-67) and conventional catalyst (RuO2).Item Metadata only Barriers for the Implementation of Industry 4.0 in Storage Drive Manufacturing Industry(2025-01-01) Lin T.; Liangrokapart J.; Lin T.; Mahidol UniversityEmploying advanced technology in manufacturing will improve productivity and resource efficiency as well as reduce long term operating cost. Storage drive manufacturers focus on the advanced technology adoption as a way to reduce their operating cost. Despite many benefits of Industry 4.0, integration and implementation are not easily achievable. This research aims to identify the barriers of Industry 4.0 implementation in storage drive industry in the context of hard disk drive (HDD) and solid-state drive (SSD) manufacturing and to suggest guidelines to overcome the barriers. Starting from extensive literature review, followed by expert justification, 15 barriers for the implementation of Industry 4.0 in storage drive manufacturing industry were identified. The fuzzy AHP approach was used to prioritise the barriers. The study found that for both HDD and SSD industries, ‘economic’ criteria is the priority followed by ‘technology’ and ‘organisation’ criteria. The result suggests that decision makers should find avenues to overcome these three barriers before implementing Industry 4.0 in the storage drive manufacturing industry. Getting sufficient financial fund for capital investment, being technological-oriented organisation and getting strong management support for new technology are the main guideline for the industry. The research methodology in this study could be applied in other manufacturing industries to identify barriers and plan for strategic actions before the intelligent manufacturing implementation.Item Metadata only Three new species of the Oriental millipede genus Tylopus Jeekel, 1968 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae) from China and Laos(2025-02-17) Likhitrakarn N.; Lips J.; Golovatch S.I.; Jeratthitikul E.; Panha S.; Sutcharit C.; Likhitrakarn N.; Mahidol UniversityThree new species of Tylopus Jeekel, 1968 are described, one from southwestern China, T. tropicalis Likhitrakarn, n. sp., and two from Laos, T. namnonensis Likhitrakarn, n. sp. and T. khikheb Likhitrakarn, n. sp. Keys are compiled to all nine and 15 species of Tylopus currently known to occur in China and Laos, respectively.Item Metadata only Broadband γ-Ray Spectrum of Supernova Remnant Cassiopeia A(2025-03-20) Cao Z.; Aharonian F.; Bai Y.X.; Bao Y.W.; Bastieri D.; Bi X.J.; Bi Y.J.; Bian W.; Bukevich A.V.; Cai C.M.; Cao W.Y.; Cao Z.; Chang J.; Chang J.F.; Chen A.M.; Chen E.S.; Chen H.X.; Chen L.; Chen L.; Chen M.J.; Chen M.L.; Chen Q.H.; Chen S.; Chen S.H.; Chen S.Z.; Chen T.L.; Chen X.B.; Chen X.J.; Chen Y.; Cheng N.; Cheng Y.D.; Chu M.C.; Cui M.Y.; Cui S.W.; Cui X.H.; Cui Y.D.; Dai B.Z.; Dai H.L.; Dai Z.G.; Danzengluobu; Diao Y.X.; Dong X.Q.; Duan K.K.; Fan J.H.; Fan Y.Z.; Fang J.; Fang J.H.; Fang K.; Feng C.F.; Feng H.; Feng L.; Feng S.H.; Feng X.T.; Feng Y.; Feng Y.L.; Gabici S.; Gao B.; Gao C.D.; Gao Q.; Gao W.; Gao W.K.; Ge M.M.; Ge T.T.; Geng L.S.; Giacinti G.; Gong G.H.; Gou Q.B.; Gu M.H.; Guo F.L.; Guo J.; Guo X.L.; Guo Y.Q.; Guo Y.Y.; Han Y.A.; Hannuksela O.A.; Hasan M.; He H.H.; He H.N.; He J.Y.; He X.Y.; He Y.; ndez-Cadena S.H.; Hor Y.K.; Hou B.W.; Hou C.; Hou X.; Hu H.B.; Hu S.C.; Huang C.; Huang D.H.; Huang J.J.; Huang T.Q.; Huang W.J.; Huang X.T.; Huang X.Y.; Huang Y.; Huang Y.Y.; Ji X.L.; Jia H.Y.; Jia K.; Cao Z.; Mahidol UniversityThe core-collapse supernova remnant (SNR) Cassiopeia A (Cas A) is one of the brightest galactic radio sources with an angular radius of ~2.5 ¢ . Although no extension of this source has been detected in the γ-ray band, using more than 1000 days of LHAASO data above ∼0.8 TeV, we find that its spectrum is significantly softer than those obtained with Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), and its flux near ∼1 TeV is about 2 times higher. In combination with analyses of more than 16 yr of Fermi-LAT data covering 0.1 GeV–1 TeV, we find that the spectrum above 30 GeV deviates significantly from a single power law and is best described by a smoothly broken power law with a spectral index of 1.90 ± 0.15stat (3.41 ± 0.19stat) below (above) a break energy of 0.63 ± 0.21stat TeV. Given differences in the angular resolution of LHAASO-WCDA and IACTs, TeV γ-ray emission detected with LHAASO may have a significant contribution from regions surrounding the SNR illuminated by particles accelerated earlier, which, however, are treated as background by IACTs. Detailed modeling can be used to constrain the acceleration processes of TeV particles in the early stage of SNR evolution.Item Metadata only Supplementation of Bacillus velezensis S141 in feed as a probiotic enhances growth performance, pathogenic tolerances, and immune system in shrimp(2025-06-30) Seabkongseng T.; Limkul S.; Sriphuttha C.; Phiwthong T.; Aunkam P.; Suwannathit R.; Jaree P.; Somboonwiwat K.; Tittabutr P.; Teaumroong N.; Boonchuen P.; Seabkongseng T.; Mahidol UniversityIn Litopenaeus vannamei aquaculture, infectious diseases pose significant challenges, leading to the exploration of alternative strategies for pathogen combat. This study examines the efficacy of Bacillus velezensis S141, supplemented in feed at various levels 102, 104, and 106 CFU/g, on immune responses, growth performance, and disease tolerances against the White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VPAHPND), and Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP). The results indicated significant improvements in the weight gain (WG), average daily gain (ADG), and specific growth rate (SGR) of shrimp supplemented with B. velezensis S141 compared to the control group. Moreover, shrimp supplemented with B. velezensis S141 had significantly higher survival rates during post-WSSV infection. Co-injection with B. velezensis S141 secretion and WSSV significantly improved survival rates and reduced WSSV copy numbers in the gill, indicating enhanced tolerance to the WSSV infection. Administering B. velezensis S141 reduced cumulative mortality during the VPAHPND challenge and EHP copy number compared to the control group. Furthermore, the gene expression analyses of immune-related genes in the Toll/IMD pathway (Toll, IMD, LYZ1, LYZ-C, PEN4, ALF1, Relish, NF-kappa, RPX, and DOME), JAK/STAT pathway (STAT and GILT), Vago pathway (Vago4, Vago5), CathC, and α2M showed significant upregulation in the group administered feed containing 106 CFU/g of B. velezensis S141 compared to the control group in the gills. This study emphasizes the potential of B. velezensis S141 as a probiotic supplement in enhancing immune responses and disease tolerances against WSSV, EHP, and VPAHPND in L. vannamei, providing promising prospects for sustainable shrimp aquaculture practices.Item Metadata only An Anisole Derivative in the Essential oil of Wurfbainia schmidtii with Virucidal Activity Against SARS-CoV-2 and Anti-Inflammatory Properties(2025-03-01) Sagayap C.; Chuysinuan P.; Chutiwitoonchai N.; Pripdeevech P.; Kaewsri W.; Sureram S.; Chantratita N.; Lirdprapamongkol K.; Svasti J.; Techasakul S.; Mahidol C.; Ruchirawat S.; Kittakoop P.; Sagayap C.; Mahidol UniversityObjectives: Essential oils from many plants have been reported to have anti-inflammatory activity. However, essential oil of Wurfbainia schmidtii leaves has never been reported for anti-inflammatory activity. Moreover, previous works on the essential oil compositions of W. schmidtii (synonyms Amomum biflorum and Amomum schmidtii) reported varied compositions in its oils. This work aims at investigating the essential oil compositions of W. schmidtii and its anti-inflammatory activity, as well as virucidal activity against SARS-CoV-2 virus. Methods: The composition of W. schmidtii essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. A crude hexane extract of W. schmidtii was separated by chromatographic method, giving a major phenylbutanoid, trans-p-(l-butenyl)-anisole (1), whose structure was elucidated by analysis of 1D and 2D 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. Anti-inflammatory activity of the essential oil and the major compound 1 was evaluated, and virucidal activity of against SARS-CoV-2 virus was assessed for compound 1. Results: A major component in W. schmidtii essential oil was found to be trans-p-(l-butenyl)-anisole (1), accounting for 88.69%, and it exhibited virucidal activity against SARS-CoV-2 with EC50 value of 119.60 μM. W. schmidtii essential oil and the major compound 1 exhibited anti-inflammatory activity with the IC50 values of 0.0282 mg/mL and 12.74 μM, respectively. Conclusion: trans-p-(l-Butenyl)-anisole (1) was the major compound in the essential oil of W. schmidtii, and it displayed anti-inflammatory and virucidal activities. The essential oil of W. schmidtii showed anti-inflammatory activity.Item Metadata only Validating a web application’s use of genetic distance to determine helminth species boundaries and aid in identification(2025-12-01) Chan A.H.E.; Thaenkham U.; Wichaita T.; Saralamba S.; Chan A.H.E.; Mahidol UniversityBackground: Parasitic helminths exhibit significant diversity, complicating both morphological and molecular species identification. Moreover, no helminth-specific tool is currently available to aid in species identification of helminths using molecular data. To address this, we developed and validated a straightforward, user-friendly application named Applying Taxonomic Boundaries for Species Identification of Helminths (ABIapp) using R and the Shiny framework. Serving as a preliminary step in species identification, ABIapp is designed to assist in visualizing taxonomic boundaries for nematodes, trematodes, and cestodes. ABIapp employs a database of genetic distance cut-offs determined by the K-means algorithm to establish taxonomic boundaries for ten genetic markers. Validation of ABIapp was performed both in silico and with actual specimens to determine its classification accuracy. The in silico validation involved 591 genetic distances sourced from 117 publications, while the validation with actual specimens utilized ten specimens. ABIapp’s accuracy was also compared with other online platforms to ensure its robustness to assist in helminth identification. Results: ABIapp achieved an overall classification accuracy of 76% for in silico validation and 75% for actual specimens. Additionally, compared to other platforms, the classification accuracy of ABIapp was superior, proving its effectiveness to determine helminth taxonomic boundaries. With its user-friendly interface, minimal data input requirements, and precise classification capabilities, ABIapp offers multiple benefits for helminth researchers and can aid in identification. Conclusions: Built on a helminth-specific database, ABIapp serves as a pioneering tool for helminth researchers, offering an invaluable resource for determining species boundaries and aiding in species identification of helminths. The availability of ABIapp to the community of helminth researchers may further enhance research in the field of helminthology. To enhance ABIapp’s accuracy and utility, the database will be updated annually.Item Metadata only Ratiometric fluorometry on microfluidic paper-based analytical device for simultaneous glucose and cholesterol detection using MnFe-layered double hydroxides as peroxidase mimic(2025-07-15) Kitchawengkul N.; Prakobkij A.; Saenmuangchin R.; Citterio D.; Nacapricha D.; Jarujamrus P.; Kitchawengkul N.; Mahidol UniversityA highly sensitive ratiometric fluorescence sensing system was developed for simultaneous glucose and total cholesterol (TC) detection in whole blood using MnFe-layered double hydroxides (MnFe-LDHs) as a peroxidase mimic, combined with an o-phenylenediamine (OPD) substrate and nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs). The detection platform, an X-shaped laminated microfluidic paper-based analytical device (XL-μPAD), was fabricated via laser printing and cutting. The MnFe-LDHs' large surface area and layered structure provide a high affinity for OPD, with a Michaelis–Menten constant (KM) of 0.0127 mmol L−1. Upon placing a drop of blood on the XL-μPAD sample pad, the enzymatic reactions of glucose and TC produce H2O2, which MnFe-LDHs convert to hydroxyl radicals (•OH). These radicals oxidize OPD into fluorescent 2,3-diamino phenazine (DAP) with emission at 560 nm. Meanwhile, the N-GQDs emit fluorescence at 415 nm, which is quenched by DAP through the inner filter effect (IFE) and dynamic quenching, enabling ratiometric sensing via the intensity ratio (I560/I415). As H2O2 levels increase, a visible green emission appears, correlating with glucose and TC levels. This XL-μPAD system demonstrates promising potential as a portable device for multiplex biomarker detection and diagnostic applications.Item Metadata only Detection of translucent flesh disorder and automatic grading of mangosteens in multi-view images(2025-01-01) Kusakunniran W.; Imaromkul T.; Aukkapinyo K.; Thongkanchorn K.; Somsong P.; Tiyayon P.; Kusakunniran W.; Mahidol UniversityIn this paper, convolutional neural network (CNN)-based solutions are developed for grading assessment and flesh disorder detection of mangosteens in images. The grading is set to three classes of three quality levels based on the local market, where the data were collected. In addition, three flesh disorders/status are focused in this work, including translucent flesh disorder, gamboge, and rotten. Three types of solutions are attempted in this paper. The first solution relies on the well-known CNN architectures with the transfer learning and data augmentation. The second solution is developed based on the detection model, i.e., YOLOv8. The third solution is to design a new architecture by taking into account of human expert knowledge that is used for the manual grading and detection. Multiple views of each mangosteen must be considered simultaneously for the disorder detection. Four side views should be considered together, before looking at the top and bottom views. This is a very difficult task even for the human experts. The proposed solutions are trained and evaluated on the self-collected dataset of 206 mangosteens captured under six views (i.e., top view, bottom view, and four side views). The proposed solutions could achieve the perfect accuracy of 100% for the grading and up to 78% AUC for the disorder detection.Item Metadata only Dapagliflozin in Chronic Kidney Disease: Insights from Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Simulation(2025-03-01) Phongphithakchai A.; Tedasen A.; Netphakdee R.; Leelawattana R.; Srithongkul T.; Raksasuk S.; Huang J.C.; Chatatikun M.; Phongphithakchai A.; Mahidol UniversityChronic kidney disease (CKD) involves inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis, leading to renal dysfunction. Dapagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, shows renoprotective effects beyond glucose control, but its precise molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study utilizes network pharmacology and molecular docking to elucidate its multi-target effects in CKD. Dapagliflozin’s SMILES structure was analyzed for ADMET properties. Potential targets were identified via SwissTargetPrediction, GeneCards, and SEA, and common CKD-related targets were determined. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, and key pathways were identified using GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. Molecular docking was conducted to validate dapagliflozin’s binding affinities with hub proteins. A total of 208 common targets were identified, including EGFR, GSK3β, and IL-6. GO and KEGG analyses highlighted key pathways, such as PI3K-Akt, MAPK, and AGE-RAGE, involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic regulation. Molecular docking confirmed strong binding affinities with EGFR (−8.42 kcal/mol), GSK3β (−7.70 kcal/mol), and IL-6 (−6.83 kcal/mol). Dapagliflozin exhibits multi-target therapeutic potential in CKD by modulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic pathways. This integrative approach enhances the understanding of its mechanisms, supporting future experimental validation and clinical application in CKD management.Item Metadata only Highly localised traditional knowledge of Mien medicinal plants in Chiang Rai, Thailand(2025-01-01) Phumthum M.; Nguanchoo V.; Inta A.; Balslev H.; Phumthum M.; Mahidol UniversityThe Mien ethnic people have migrated from China to Thailand over centuries and traditionally settled in remote areas of northern Thailand. They relied extensively on the local ecosystem for construction, food, fodder, and medicine. There are only a few studies of Mien traditional knowledge in China and Nan, Thailand. This study examines the knowledge of medicinal plants used by Mien in Chiang Rai, Thailand. We investigated traditional knowledge of medicinal plants in three Mien villages in Thailand, highlighting a crucial yet vulnerable cultural heritage. For this study, we interviewed five traditional healers to gather data about their specialist medicinal uses of plants and an additional 90 villagers, who did not have this specialist knowledge, about their ethnobotanical understanding. Each use report was categorised using the International Classification of Primary Health Care. The usefulness of the plant taxa was assessed with the use value index. Our interviews revealed 352 use reports based on 77 plant species in 46 families, predominantly addressing women's health and digestive conditions. The most used plant families were Asteraceae, Rubiaceae, Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Zingiberaceae, Plantaginaceae, Acanthaceae, Rhamnaceae, Amaranthaceae, Lamiaceae, and Vitaceae. The most frequently used species were Clausena excavata, Ricinus communis, Blumea balsamifera, Chloranthus elatior, Monosis volkameriifolia, Plantago major, Plumbago zeylanica, and Zingiber montanum, highlighting their critical roles in traditional medicinal practices. The Mien people in Chiang Rai, Thailand, possess substantial traditional knowledge regarding medicinal plants, especially for women's healthcare. The identification of numerous species in this study based on traditional usage raises concerns about the effect of ongoing acculturation of ethnic minorities in the region and the potential erosion of traditional knowledge. Some of the identified knowledge is highly localised in the three villages, making the conservation of that knowledge particularly important. We strongly advocate further initiatives aimed at conserving traditional Mien knowledge, as well as more studies in Laos PDR and Vietnam to cover the Mien's migration line. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.Item Metadata only Distribution logistics network optimization with a multi-distribution center considering carbon emission: A case study in the petrochemical industry in Thailand(2025-01-01) Chanpuypetch W.; Kritchanchai D.; Niemsakul S.; Niemsakul J.; Chanpuypetch W.; Mahidol UniversityThe study explores the optimization of the distribution network for a petrochemical business in Thailand, facing intense competition and market share loss to foreign competitors. Aiming to expand its domestic market, the business seeks to enhance its distribution network by adding a new distribution center (DC). Given the industry's environmental impact concerns, the study also focuses on reducing the environmental footprint of its supply chain and logistics activities. Despite extensive research on distribution network optimization, there remains a gap in understanding the integrated approach that simultaneously address economic efficiency, customer responsiveness, and environmental sustainability within the petrochemical sector in Thailand. This research proposes various scenarios for the distribution network, considering candidate DC locations based on current customer distributions, particularly in the Bangkok Metropolitan Area and Laem Chabang (LCB) port, along with potential hinterland arears. The analysis evaluates key performance metrics, including responsiveness, economic efficiency, and environmental impact. The findings indicate that the optimal scenario involves operating two DCs: the existing DC and a new DC in Samut Prakarn Province, significantly improving customer responsiveness. However, the results reveal that cost reduction does not directly correlate with decreased GHG emissions. The study underscores the need for businesses to define clear objectives, such as cost reduction, improved customer service, market expansion, or environmental sustainability, before redesigning distribution networks. A comprehensive evaluation of criteria, including social, opportunities, infrastructure, accessibility, resilience, and cybersecurity, is essential for informed decision-making, leading to improved cost efficiency, customer service, and operational agility.Item Metadata only Are social supports associated with suicidal ideation based on gender differences among adolescents in Indonesia?(2025-01-01) Umaroh A.K.; Nugroho P.S.; Umaroh A.K.; Mahidol UniversityThe proportion of Indonesian junior and senior high school students considering suicide was around 5.2% in 2015. This research analysed the association between social supports and suicidal ideation based on gender differences among adolescents in Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study analysed secondary data from the Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS). The 9,333 respondents were aged 11 to 18 years. The dependent variable was suicidal ideation in the past 12 months before the survey. The independent variables were peer support, parent support, and parent attention. The multivariable analysis applied the enter method to examine the adjusted effect causing the dependent variable. Result: Boys had a higher risk than girls of considering suicide on all of the associated independent variables, including boys aged <15 years (AOR 6.134, 95% CI 4.342–8.665), boys in junior high school (AOR 3.160, 95% CI 2.205–4.528), boys with no peer support (AOR 4.230, 95% CI 2.996–5.972), boys with no parental support (AOR 2.481, 95% CI 1.686–3.650) and boys with no parental attention (AOR 3.268, 95% CI 2.292–4.658). Conclusion: Boys with no peer support had a 4.230 times higher risk of suicidal ideation.Item Metadata only Leniency toward the disadvantaged: Representations of Myanmar workers and the Thai government in the public communicative discourse(2025-01-01) Phanthaphoommee N.; Doungphummes N.; Phanthaphoommee N.; Mahidol UniversityThis article examines the representations of Myanmar migrant workers and the Thai government’s press conferences in Thai and English during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through the lens of critical discourse analysis, the migrant workers were portrayed as helpless recipients of assistance, subtly reinforcing the alienation of migrants against the host society’s attempt at egalitarianism. The Thai government was positioned as a “protector,” strengthening the existing hierarchical power relations with foreign workers at the bottom of the social ladder. Buddhist morality was invoked to maintain patron–client relationships with the false impression of “brother and sister,” positioning Thai authorities as the attentive protector and Thai people as the benevolent host to whom the migrants should respect, obey, and be grateful. This supports Foucault’s notion that power is not the plain oppression of the powerless but the strategic building of power relations and dynamics between institutions and people in a society.Item Metadata only Comparison of treatment outcomes between combined chemotherapy-radiation therapy (chemo-RT) and radiation therapy alone (RT) for intracranial germ cell tumors in adolescent and young adult patients (AYA)(2025-12-01) Rongthong W.; Suntornpong N.; Thephamongkhol K.; Treechairusame T.; Rongthong W.; Mahidol UniversityBackground: The incidence of intracranial germ cell tumors (iGCTs) in adolescents and young adults (AYA) is lower than that in pediatric patients. However, the recurrence rate of iGCT in AYA patients (7.6%) is higher than in children (2%). The use of iGCTs in the AYA population lacks randomized trials to standardize treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the patterns of practice and outcomes of iGCT in AYA. Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study iGCT patients aged 15 to 39 who were treated at Siriraj Hospital, Thailand, from 2007 to 2019. The patients' charts were reviewed, and the results were compared between those who received chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (Chemo-RT) and those who received RT alone. Results: The median follow-up time was 7.6 years. Eighty-four patients were included in this study: 60 with germinomas and 24 with nongerminomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCT). In the case of NGGCT, the 10-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were 100% and 100%, respectively, with RT alone. For Chemo-RT, the 10-year EFS was 54.05%, and the 10-year OS was 68.44% (P = 0.640 for EFS and 0.454 for OS). For germinomas, the 10-year EFS was 76.87% with RT alone, and the 10-year OS was 86.40%. For Chemo-RT, the 10-year EFS was 69.63%, and the 10-year OS was 69.63% (P = 0.335 for EFS and 0.022 for OS). Compared with those in the groups treated with Chemo-RT and RT alone adjusted for age > 18 years, primary site, metastasis, type of surgery, field of radiotherapy, sex, serum beta-HCG, and serum AFP, the hazard ratio (HR) of EFS was 2.49 (0.85–7.29) (P = 0.095) and the OS was 2.55 (P = 0.237). Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, we present findings on the outcomes of iGCT patients in the AYA age group. After adjusting the hazard ratio, we found no significant difference between patients who received chemotherapy and those who underwent radiotherapy alone in terms of event-free survival and overall survival. Standardized long-term term survival follow-up and supportive treatment in AYA group is needed to improve the outcome and minimize toxicity in this group. There is a need for further randomized control trials that specifically address the population of patients with AYA to improve our understanding of their potential treatment approaches.Item Metadata only Evidence of Mpox clade IIb infection in primary human alveolar epithelium(2025-01-01) Namporn T.; Manopwisedjaroen S.; Ngodngamthaweesuk M.; Pasomsub E.; Jiravejchakul N.; Saengfak R.; Nealiga M.J.; sea-be A.; Basu A.; Naruphontjirakul P.; Hongeng S.; Tetley T.D.; Thitithanyanont A.; Ruenraroengsak P.; Namporn T.; Mahidol UniversityMonkeypox virus (Mpox) has been recognized for causing distinct skin lesions and is primarily transmitted through skin and sexual contact. To date, the transmissibility and pathogenesis of the Mpox virus in distal human lung has never been completely explored. Here the transmission pathways and Mpox tropism on patient-derived air-liquid epithelium (ALE) model fabricated using isolated primary human alveolar epithelial cells (hAECs) were investigated. hAECs were cultured and exposed to the Mpox virus clade IIb isolated from the patient. DNA, proteins, and the tropism were elucidated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot, and high-content fluorescent imaging. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was employed to systematically observe the cellular distribution of viral particles. Viral titres were determined by TCID50 assay. Innate immune response and inflammatory mediators were measured using Milliplex® multiplex and ELISA analysis. Pathology at alveolar barrier integrity was determined using transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) analysis. The study included mock-infected cells as control. Mpox virus significantly infected 42.82% of total hAEC populations. The prominent observed pathology included a significant reduction in TEER values, loss of tight junction protein, presence of tunnelling nanotubes (TNTs), and syncytium morphology. Four stages of Mpox biogenesis were clearly observed without significant activation of IL-6, MIP1alpha, TNF-α, and Galectin-9, although IL-1β were subtly promoted. The developed patient-derived ALE is a versatile model for Mpox virus clade IIb infection reflecting respiratory transmission competence of the Mpox. Postinfection lung pathogenesis demonstrated alveolar barrier damage without significant inflammation, raising concerns about possible immune evasion by the virus.Item Metadata only Fostering Biodiversity in Neotropical Savannahs: Fire as a Diversity Driver for Fruit-Feeding Butterfly Assemblages in the Cerrado(2025-03-01) de Brito Freire-Jr G.; Elias-Paiva A.; Ribeiro D.B.; Araujo R.F.; Sudta C.; de Araújo E.S.; Oliveira H.F.M.; Escarlate-Tavares F.; Domingos F.M.C.B.; de Brito Freire-Jr G.; Mahidol UniversityFire has significantly shaped the dynamics of Brazilian Cerrado fauna and flora, but the interference of human activities and climate change has disrupted the natural fire regime, imperilling multiple animal and plant populations. Our study, performed at Reserva Ecológica do Roncador (RECOR-IBGE) in Brasília-Brazil, examined the influence of fire frequency and post-fire intervals on diversity patterns of fruit-feeding butterflies in savannah woodlands. We sampled 1059 individuals from 16 butterfly species, in which Biblidinae and Charaxinae were the most representative clades. Sites with higher fire frequency and shorter post-fire intervals exhibited higher taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity compared to sites with longer intervals. Sites with longer post-fire intervals were primarily dominated by Biblidinae, whereas charaxines and satyrines mostly occurred in sites with shorter post-fire intervals. Species exhibiting wing eyespots thrived in sites with recent fires. These findings emphasise fire's pivotal role in maintaining open vegetation, crucial for conserving butterfly assemblages, particularly charaxines and satyrines. Importantly, fire suppression leads to fuel accumulation, elevating the risk of severe wildfires in the Cerrado. In conclusion, our results underscore the adverse impact of a zero-fire policy on insect communities, including fruit-feeding butterflies, within this unique ecosystem.