Publication: The physiological responses to maximal eating in men
Issued Date
2020-01-01
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14752662
00071145
00071145
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2-s2.0-85083282557
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Mahidol University
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SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
British Journal of Nutrition. (2020)
Suggested Citation
Aaron Hengist, Robert M. Edinburgh, Russell G. Davies, Jean Philippe Walhin, Jariya Buniam, Lewis J. James, Peter J. Rogers, Javier T. Gonzalez, James A. Betts The physiological responses to maximal eating in men. British Journal of Nutrition. (2020). doi:10.1017/S0007114520001270 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/54679
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Title
The physiological responses to maximal eating in men
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Abstract
© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Nutrition Society. This study investigated metabolic, endocrine, appetite, and mood responses to a maximal eating occasion in fourteen men (mean ±SD: age 28 ±5 y, body mass 77.2 ±6.6 kg, body mass index 24.2 ±2.2 kg·m-2) who completed two trials in a randomised crossover design. On each occasion participants ate a homogenous mixed-macronutrient meal (pizza). On one occasion, they ate until 'comfortably full' (ad libitum) and on the other until they 'could not eat another bite' (maximal). Mean [95% CI] energy intake was double in the maximal (13,024 [10964, 15084] kJ; 3113 [2620,3605] kcal) compared with the ad libitum trial (6627 [5708,7547] kJ; 1584 [1364,1804] kcal). Serum insulin iAUC increased ∼1.5-fold in the maximal compared with ad libitum trial (mean [95% CI] ad libitum 51.1 [33.3,69.0] nmol·L-1·4 h, maximal 78.8 [55.0,102.6] nmol·L-1·4 h, p < 0.01), but glucose iAUC did not differ between trials (ad libitum 94.3 [30.3,158.2] mmol·L-1·4 h, maximal 126.5 [76.9,176.0] mmol·L-1·4 h, p = 0.19). TAG iAUC was ∼1.5-fold greater in the maximal versus ad libitum trial (ad libitum 98.6 [69.9,127.2] mmol·L-1·4 h, maximal 146.4 [88.6,204.1] mmol·L-1·4 h, p < 0.01). Total GLP-1, GIP, and PYY iAUC were greater in the maximal compared with ad libitum trial (p < 0.05). Total ghrelin concentrations decreased to a similar extent, but AUC was slightly lower in the maximal versus ad libitum trial (p = 0.02). There were marked differences on appetite and mood between trials, most notably maximal eating caused a prolonged increase in lethargy. Healthy men have capacity to eat twice the calories required to achieve comfortable fullness at a single meal. Postprandial glycaemia is well-regulated following initial overeating, with elevated postprandial insulinaemia likely contributing.