Scopus 2023
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Item Metadata only The Netherworld, Reincarnation, and Karmic Retribution through the Events of Injustice and Revenge in Sanguozhi Pinghua(2023-05-01) Thaithosaeng P.; Intagorn S.; Thaithosaeng P.; Mahidol UniversityObjectives: This article attempts to explore the influence of Buddhism in the literary work Sanguozhi Pinghua through the stories of injustice and revenge. During the span of approximately 2,000 years, Buddhism and Chinese culture have influenced each other in a complex manner; as a result, local Buddhist beliefs have emerged from this process. In addition to the Buddhist sutras, other forms of literature, such as tales, are also an important source for the laity to understand Buddhism. Sanguozhi Pinghua is a tale recounting the story of the Three Kingdoms period diffused with the local beliefs of Buddhism and other Chinese religions. This research aims to examine the Buddhist influence on Sanguozhi Pinghua in three themes: the netherworld, reincarnation, and retribution. We propose that Sanguozhi Pinghua reveals commoners’ interpretation of Buddhist beliefs, which may not have been recorded in the Buddhist sutras, such as the concept of collective karma. Methods: This research compared literary works and Buddhist scriptures. Results: The results indicate that the concepts of the netherworld, reincarnation, and retribution in Sanguozhi Pinghua are a mixture of Buddhist influence and Chinese local beliefs, resulting in a significant deviation from the teachings in Buddhist scriptures. Application of this study: This study hopes to offer a nuanced interaction between Buddhism and Chinese culture, which can be considered one of the models for studying religions in the society.Item Metadata only Tonal Variation by Region of Tai Khun in Chiang Mai Province(2023-05-01) Thavorn P.; Kraisame S.; Thavorn P.; Mahidol UniversityObjectives: The objective of this paper is to analyze the regional variations of 15 dialects of Tai Khun in Chiang Mai province. Methods: Data were collected from informants who were speakers of Thai Khun and over 60 years of age. There were altogether 150 informants—10 informants per speaking community. The Praat program was used to test, analyze, and convert the 80 found words to semitones. Results: The study found that the tonal system-based dialect in Chiang Mai could be categorized into 3 groups: the main tonal system of 6 tones (B123-4), the sub-system 1, and 2 of 5 tones (B-merge). The cause of the tonal variation was the tone coalescences of the B and B=DL in the sub-system 1 and the tone coalescences of the C123= DL4 in the main tonal system and the sub-system 2. The tone coalescences of the C123= DL4 is considered distinctive and is found only in the tonal system of Thai Khun in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The main phonetic variations by region of Tai Khun were found only in the 1st (A12), while the variations of the sub-phonetic were found in almost all tones (except for the 2nd tone) which changed from the main phonetic characteristics of the same phonetic tone in each region. Regional variations of the entire tonal system, the main phonetic and sub-phonetic features of the Tai Khun tone of Chiang Mai are parallel in that they were both caused by language contact, which is classified as an external factor. The languages that have more speakers, such as Standard Thai, Chiang Mai dialect, and Tai Yai of Kung Tung tend to influence the Tai Khun language which has fewer speakers within the same area. The phonetic variation direction of all tones in Tai Khun supports the predicted mechanism of “ Directionality of Tone Change”: the “ peak sliding” mechanism, the “ perceptual maximization” mechanism, and the “contour reduction” mechanism. Application of this study: The knowledge of tonal regional variations in Tai Khun can be used as a guide for studying tonal regional variations in the Tai languages. Research findings can be used for teaching and learning about Tai dialectology. It can also be used as information for language policy planning of agencies involved in language planning and ethnic language preservation, both at the local and national levels.Item Metadata only The Thai Government and the Problem about the Japanese Prisoners of War after the End of the Second World War(2023-05-01) Boontanondha T.; Boontanondha T.; Mahidol UniversityObjectives: This article studies the Thai government’s solution to the problems regarding Japanese prisoners of war after the Second World War. Methods: This research employed a historical methodology to conduct an analysis of documentary data to produce a descriptive analytical report. The study places significant emphasis on utilizing primary evidence sourced from the National Archives of Thailand. Results: This research found that right after the war, a large number of Japanese soldiers previously stationed in Thailand suddenly became Prisoners of War (POWs). The Thai Government, which was officially known as an ally to the Japanese army, was standing in an uncertain status between a winner and a loser, and therefore had to follow the demands of the Alliance. One of its demands was that the Thai government must take care of the Japanese POWs until they were repatriated. Life of the Japanese POWs was difficult due to the government’s limited budget. Moreover, there were crimes committed by the Japanese POWs and crimes in which they were the victims. However, the relationship between Thailand and Japan was good after the war, unlike many Southeast Asian nations which were ferociously ruled by Japan during the War. This is why after the War, the Japanese government transferred the ownership of Japanese factories which had belonged to their private and the public sectors to Thailand. At the same time, the relationship between both nations was rapidly reconciled in the context of the Cold War in which the United States of America acted as the middleman. Application of this study: This study provides a framework for the study of the history of Japanese prisoners of war during the post-World War II period.Item Metadata only BactoBattle: a game-based learning companion for medical bacteriology(2023-01-01) Imwattana K.; Methawirune A.; Voralakkulchai I.; Ngamskulrungroj P.; Imwattana K.; Mahidol UniversityA card game called BactoBattle has been developed to help medical students who have just started learning medical bacteriology to improve their learning efficacy and satisfaction, especially on the topic of antimicrobial resistance. Copies of the game were placed in the students’ study room (approximately 1 set per 12 students) and made available to the students throughout the study period so that they could choose to play the game during their free time if desired. After the study period had ended, the students were asked to complete a questionnaire and a post-test. In total, 33 students completed the questionnaire, and were split into 2 groups: the player group, comprising 12 (36.4%) students who had played the game, and the non-player group. The player group perceived that they could memorize more knowledge compared to the non-player group and indeed recorded higher post-test scores than the non-player group (10.4 vs 8.3 out of 15 points, P=0.031). However, there was no difference in learning motivation (P=0.441) or enjoyment (P=0.562) between the two groups. A majority of the players said they would continue playing the game after the study period and would recommend the game to other students. In short, the BactoBattle game can be a useful tool to improve the learning efficacy of students, but its effect on learning satisfaction remains unclear.Item Metadata only The Residents’ Place Attachment Impacts Tourism in the Context of COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case in Hue City, Vietnam(2023-01-01) Thi Doan T.T.; Le Doan D.H.; Thi Dang T.H.; Tuan T.H.; Thi Doan T.T.; Mahidol UniversityHue City is situated in the center of Vietnam and is home to a variety of tourist attractions, such as the Huong River, Ngu Binh Mountain, Hue Monument Complex, and beaches. Tourism in Hue has been severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in the closure of both domestic and international borders. This study investigated whether residents’ place attachment influences their intention to support tourism in Hue during COVID-19. Residents’ place identity and place dependence are analyzed to determine how they influence place attachment in relation to tourism changes in Hue during the pandemic. One hundred sixty-five residents of Hue City were surveyed online to acquire data, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data. Results indicated that the COVID-19 pandemic did not significantly impact residents’ place attachment; however, their place identity and place dependence affected their place attachment and their support of Hue tourism. The findings emphasize the significance of residents’ place identity and place dependence in influencing their place attachment to Hue tourism during crises and demonstrate the role of residents’ support in Hue tourism.Item Metadata only Resilience of Quantum Key Distribution Source against Laser-Damage Attack by a Variety of Lasers(2023-01-01) Ruzhitskaya D.; Zhluktova I.; Ponosova A.; Trefilov D.; Chaiwongkhot P.; Huang A.; Kamynin V.; Makarov V.; Ruzhitskaya D.; Mahidol UniversityItem Metadata only National Human Rights Protection Systems in Asia and the Pacific(2023-01-01) Ramcharan R.; Ramcharan R.; Mahidol UniversityItem Metadata only Analysis of Epstein-Barr virus infection in oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer: A cross-sectional study(2023-01-01) Pankam J.; Lapthanasupkul P.; Kitkumthorn N.; Rungraungrayabkul D.; Klongnoi B.; Piboonniyom Khovidhunkit S.O.; Pankam J.; Mahidol UniversityAims and Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral cancer (OC) in a group of Thais using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Epstein-Barr encoding regions (EBERs) in situ hybridization (ISH). The secondary objective is to investigate the risk factors of OC and the association between the presence of EBV and risk factors of OC/site of oral lesions. Materials and Methods: Sixty-one participants attending the screening project for OC and OPMDs at the Northeastern district hospitals of Thailand were recruited. Information related to risk factors and biopsy tissues for histopathological diagnosis was collected. Sixty-seven paraffin tissue blocks, including 52 OPMDs and 15 OC specimens, were investigated for EBV infection, using PCR analysis with latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) primer and EBERs ISH. Pearson's Chi-square or Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the differences in variables between participants with OPMDs and OC, as appropriate. The association between EBV infection and related risk factors was analyzed using logistic regression with a significant level at 0.05. Results: Using PCR analysis, 8 of 67 specimens (11.94%) were positive for LMP-1. Three cases of OPMDs were positive for both LMP-1 PCR and EBERs ISH. Regarding risk factors of OC, the two most common risk factors were betel nut chewing (52.46%) and working in sunlight (42.62%). The habit of taking alcohol was significantly different between the OC and the OPMDs groups (p = 0.009). The association between LMP-1 and the lesion at the tongue was statistically significant, with odds ratio = 4.900 (95% confidence interval = 1.046-22.943; p = 0.044). Conclusions: The prevalence of EBV infection in this group of participants was low. However, OPMDs at the tongue exhibited a significant association with EBV infection.Item Metadata only Identification of potential molecular mechanisms and prognostic markers for oral squamous cell carcinoma: A bioinformatics analysis(2023-01-01) Chujan S.; Kitkumthorn N.; Satayavivad J.; Chujan S.; Mahidol UniversityAims and Objectives: The goal of this study was to uncover crucial biochemical pathways, prognostic indicators, and therapeutic targets in patients with oral cancer in order to enhance therapy strategies. Materials and Methods: Five gene expression omnibus datasets were analyzed by using bioinformatics approaches to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). To determine biological alterations, gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analyses were implied using the identified DEGs. Hub genes were determined using protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and an interactome was constructed using NetworkAnalyst. Furthermore, five hub genes were evaluated for use as prognostic markers by using the human protein atlas (HPA) and the GEPIA2.0 database. In addition, the correlations between hub-gene expression and immune cell infiltration of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tumors were analyzed using the tumor immune estimation resource (TIMER) database. Results: A total of 2071 upregulated genes and 1893 downregulated genes were identified. GO and pathway analysis showed DEGs were enriched in multiple immune response terms and interaction of inflammatory cytokines. From the PPI network, five hub genes were identified that have a crucial role in OSCC. These included interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4), chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7), TNF receptor superfamily member 17 (TNFRSF17), CD27, and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 4 (S1PR4), which were predicted to be favorable prognostic markers for OSCC using HPA. Overall survival analysis revealed that low expression of the five hub genes was significantly associated with worse overall survival. Our analysis of tumor-associated immune infiltration revealed that increased IRF4 expression was positively correlated with the gene expression profiles suggestive of infiltration of all immune cell types, whereas increased CCR7 expression was negatively correlated with neutrophil infiltration. Increased expression of CD27, S1PR4, and TNFRSF17 was found to be negatively correlated with dendritic cell, M0 macrophage, and neutrophil infiltration. Conclusion: In summary, inflammation, and the immune response play an important role in OSCC. All five hub genes were good predictors of OSCC prognosis, suggesting that they could be used as potential therapeutic targets and tumor markers.Item Metadata only Japan’s Relations with ASEAN Post-COVID-19: Navigating the New Cold War(2023-01-01) Ramcharan R.; Ramcharan R.; Mahidol UniversityThe COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated and accelerated existing geo-political tensions in the world. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and Japan will need to craft a relationship with each other that navigates the New Cold War (NCW) between China and the United States that is emerging. Japan is signaling a turn toward a realist power-based approach toward security, including in Southeast Asia. ASEAN will need to accommodate a greater political and military role of Japan in the region.Item Metadata only Reflection on feasibility and usability of interactive online international exchange program for occupational therapy students(2023-12-01) Suyama N.; Inoue K.; Sorasak S.; Thawisuk C.; Watanabe M.; Suyama N.; Mahidol UniversityThe COVID-19 pandemic affected international exchange programs due to travel restrictions. There are few reports of online international exchange programs in medical area and no report of interactive activities among students together for several months. To the best of our knowledge, we needed to seek the feasible approach to conduct online exchange program. We experienced online collaboration works to promote internationalization in occupational therapy (OT) undergraduate education. The aim of this study is to examine the feasibility and usability of an interactive online international exchange program, and discuss its challenges and advantages. The three-month program was newly developed, and aimed at cultivating an international perspective, understanding OT, and learning basic research skills. Students’ interests and the development of their motivation were considered in the program consisting of synchronous and asynchronous lectures, a collaboration research project, group work, and report assignments. Through the program, students were satisfied with the program contents and had the precious experience to develop international relationships. The online exchange program provided students with the opportunity to experience and learn OT education internationally at an economical cost, and to achieve program goal during the regular semester. In this program, students not only acquired knowledge in their professional field, but also cultivated their international communication skills in English from small group activities and social activities. Considering various communication methods was an important aspect in the virtual environment leading to a successful program. In medical education, an online program can be an effective and practical measure for international exchange.Item Metadata only Scales of Affordances: Visibility and Pandemic Encounters among Buddhists in the Javanese Highlands(2023-01-01) Rizzo R.; Rizzo R.; Mahidol UniversityIn this contribution, I explore the encounter between a pandemic-mitigation event initiated by the local administration of Central Java, Indonesia, and a Buddhist village in the highland region of Temanggung. For the minority Buddhist community in the area, the event signified a possibility to pursue media presence. In the previous few years, the village of Surjosari had launched various projects of community and religious revitalization. On the one hand, such projects progressively included the community within the nationwide reach of Theravāda Buddhism. On the other hand, these projects were increasingly aimed at the implementation of a specific ethnopreneurial vision of highland eco-tourism, particularly endorsed by a host of local activists. The article shows how the government’s Candi Siaga in-itiative offered an unprecedented opportunity to advance the residents’ idea of community development, which braids together religious, ethnic and economic strands. By tracing long-term pre-and post-event developments in the village, I frame this opportunity in terms of affordance. Rather than mobilizing vocabularies of coping and responses that are intrinsic in recent virological discourses, affordances can provide an open-ended and undetermined horizon for encounters between broad processes such as a pandemic and the particular practices of a rural community. This requires us to extend the definition of the concept beyond its applicability to the restricted domain of immediate ecological perception.Item Metadata only Outbreaks of COVID-19 in a tuberculosis treatment sanatorium on the Thailand-Myanmar border: a retrospective cohort analysis(2023-01-01) Aung H.K.K.; Swe L.L.; Saito M.; Lesseps S.; Janurian N.; Tun W.P.P.; Maung Maung B.; Than A.; Watthanaworawit W.; Kaewphanderm N.; Gornsawun G.; Pyae Phyo A.; Nosten F.; Aung H.K.K.; Mahidol UniversityBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic condition, with overlapping symptoms to those of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There has been inconsistent evidence on whether TB is a predisposing factor for developing severe COVID-19. The aim of this report is to explore whether TB influences the severity of COVID-19. Methods: COVID-19 cases at two TB sanatoria on the Thailand-Myanmar border were reviewed. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data including TB treatment and co-morbidities, were analyzed. Characteristics and COVID-19 clinical outcomes were compared between two groups of patients: TB and those without TB (the caretakers and the medical personnel). Multivariable ordered logistic regression was conducted to compare the risk of severe COVID-19 between the two groups. Results: Between September 2021 and March 2022, 161 COVID-19 cases were diagnosed. Over half of the COVID-19 patients were infected with TB (n= 104, 64.6%), and the rest were not (n=57, 35.4%). The median (interquartile range) age was 48 (33.5-57.0) and 27 (23-33) years in the TB and in the non-TB COVID-19 patients, respectively. Before COVID-19 infection, 67.1% (106/158) of patients had received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine. The median cycle threshold value at diagnosis was not different between TB (18.5, IQR 16.1-32.3) and non-TB patients (18.8, 15.1-30.0). Fever, gastrointestinal symptoms and ageusia were more common in non-TB patients. Six patients (3.8%, 6/156) all from the TB group became severe of which five (3.2%, 5/156) required oxygen therapy. One TB patient died (1/104, 0.96%) of lung cancer. After adjustment for potential confounders, the final clinical severity was not different between the two groups (adjusted odds ratio 1.40, 95% confidence interval 0.16–12.39). Conclusions: TB was not associated with severe outcomes in the two TB sanatoria. The high uptake of COVID-19 vaccination and active screening could have impacted on disease progression and prevented unfavorable outcomes.Item Metadata only Ability of Seidenfadenia mitrata (Rchb.f.) Garay, pollinia stored at low temperature on fertilization, pod formation and in-vitro hybrid seed germination(2023-02-01) Jitsopakul N.; Chunthaworn A.; Pongket U.; Thammasiri K.; Jitsopakul N.; Mahidol UniversitySeidenfadenia mitrata (Rchb.f.) Garay, is one of the beautiful Thai orchids that is rare and has become endangered. Stored pollinia of Seidenfadenia mitrata at 10oC for 17, 42, 44, 49, 307, 314 and 339 days were used to pollinate the flowers of Vanda liouvillei, Aerides multiflora, Aerides rosea, Rhynchostylis retusa, Rhynchostylis gigantea, Vanda lilacina, and Ascocentrum miniatum, respectively to produce intergeneric hybrids. After hand-pollination, the fertilizing ability of seven crosses of intergeneric hybrids remained high with respect to pod formation (50–100%). Hybrid pods of three crosses using stored pollinia of Seidenfadenia mitrata for 17, 24 and 314 days involving Vanda liouvillei, Aerides multiflora and Vanda lilacina, respectively, produced seeds and germinated into protocorms after sowing on modified Vacin and Went agar medium supplemented with 150 mlL-1 coconut water, 10 gL-1 sucrose, 7 gL-1 agar and pH 5.2 for 113, 22 and 36 days, respectively. The survival of three intergeneric hybrid plantlets was 100 % for pollinia stored for 180 days and they were successfully grown in greenhouse conditions for 360 days. Storage of Seidenfadenia mitrata pollinia at low temperatures is successful on keeping the desirable male parents for hybridization and conservation.Item Metadata only Use of Non-invasive Ventilation in Postoperative Patients in Abdominal Surgery(2023-01-01) Sutherasan Y.; Kasemchaiyanun A.; Theerawit P.; Sutherasan Y.; Mahidol UniversityWhen high-risk patients undergo abdominal surgery, there is a possibility of increased postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), morbidity, and mortality. Using non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in the postoperative phase could prevent and treat PPCs by reducing Physicians must have the necessary expertise, utilize appropriate settings, and employ proper NIV application techniques when considering NIV. Our chapter aims to provide an overview of the mechanisms and risk factors associated with postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). We will also outline the rationales and benefits of using NIV as a preventive or treatment strategy for PPCs. Additionally, practical aspects of the NIV application will be discussed in detail.Item Metadata only A Clinical Score for Predicting the Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia’s Recurrence Risk; a Retrospective Cross-sectional Study(2023-01-01) Yuksen C.; Tienpratarn W.; Promkul R.; Jenpanitpong C.; Watcharakitpaisan S.; Yaithet J.; Phonphom V.; Yuksen C.; Mahidol UniversityIntroduction: Identifying prognostic variables associated with the probability of recurrent paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) would aid decision-making regarding disposition of the patients. This study aims to develop a clinical scoring system to predict PSVT recurrence after adenosine administration in the emergency department (ED). Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on patients who were referred to the emergency department of Ramathibodi Hospital, a university-affiliated super-tertiary care hospital in Bangkok, Thailand, with diagnosis of PSVT during a 10-year period from 01 January 2010 until 31 December 2020. The cases were divided into recurrent and non-recurrent PSVT based on the response to standard treatment and the independent predictors of recurrence were studied using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: 264 patients were diagnosed with PSVT and successfully converted by adenosine. 24 (9.1%) had recurrent PSVT, and 240 (90.9%) had no recurrent PSVT in the same ED visit. The risk of PSVT recurrence in ED corresponded with the history of hypertension (p = 0.059), valvular heart disease (p = 0.052), heart rate ≥100 (p = 0.012), and systolic blood pressure < 100 after electrocardiogram (ECG) converted to sinus rhythm (p = 0.022) and total dose of adenosine (p = 0.002). We developed a clinical prediction score of PSVT recurrence with an accuracy of 79.5%. A score of 0 (low risk), 1–2 (moderate risk), and > 2 (high risk) had a positive likelihood ratio (LR+) of 0.31, 0.56 and 2.33, respectively. Conclusion: It seems that, using the PSVT recurrence score we could screen the high-risk patients for PSVT recurrence (score>2) who need to be observed for at least 6-12 hours and receive cardiologist consultation in ED. In addition, the moderate and low-risk group (score 0-2) need to be observed for 1 hour and can be discharged fromED.Item Metadata only Six-MicroRNA Prognostic Signature in Patients with Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma(2023-01-01) Worakitchanon W.; Panvongsa W.; Siripoon T.; Kitdumrongthum S.; Wongpan A.; Arsa L.; Trachu N.; Jinawath N.; Chairoungdua A.; Ngamphaiboon N.; Worakitchanon W.; Mahidol UniversityPURPOSEMicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been evaluated as biomarkers in cancers. Therefore, we aimed to identify a prognostic miRNA signature from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and validate it in the Ramathibodi (RA) locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA-HNSCC) cohort.METHODSThe correlation between candidate miRNAs and the survival of patients with LA-HNSCC in TCGA database was analyzed. A prognostic miRNA signature model was generated that classified patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. This candidate miRNA signature was further validated in the independent RA cohort using droplet-digital polymerase chain reaction.RESULTSIn TCGA database, we compared the expression of 277 miRNAs between 519 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tissues and 44 normal tissues. The expression of hsa-miR-10b, hsa-miR-148b, hsa-miR-99a, hsa-miR-127, hsa-miR-370, and hsa-miR-500a was independently associated with overall survival (OS). Thus, we established the miRNA signature risk score from these six miRNAs and categorized patients into low-risk and high-risk groups. The median OS of TCGA patients was significantly shorter in the low-risk group than in the high-risk group (P <.001). The six-miRNA signature was further validated in the RA cohort (N = 87). The median OS of the low-risk group was significantly shorter compared with the high-risk group (P =.03). In multivariate analysis, the six-miRNA signature was an independent prognostic factor for OS in the RA cohort (HR, 1.958; 95% CI, 1.006 to 3.812; P =.048).CONCLUSIONWe identified a prognostic six-miRNA signature for patients with LA-HNSCC from TCGA cohort and validated it in our independent cohort. However, larger studies are warranted to confirm these results.Item Metadata only CHARTING MENTAL RESILIENCE AMIDST VUCA CHALLENGES: INSIGHTS FROM THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ERA(2023-01-01) Kartikasari D.; Ulfah N.H.; Rahmawati I.T.; Febrianti D.; Sari D.M.; Santre S.; Kartikasari D.; Mahidol UniversityCOVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the implementation of ‘volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity' (VUCA) conditions, significantly affecting diverse life domains, including organizations, economies, education, culture, and health. This study analyzed VUCA's elements, benefits, and implications, particularly in pandemics. This study was conducted by a literature search in ProQuest and Google Scholar databases, focusing on articles about impact of VUCA on mental health during COVID-19 pandemic that were published in English and Indonesian during January 2020 -August 2023. Keywords used for literature search included "VUCA," "COVID-19" and "mental health". Out of 180 initially identified articles, 65 duplicates were removed, and the remaining 115 were screened based on VUCA's impact on mental health themes. Ultimately, 100 articles were excluded for various reasons, including lack of originality, published in languages other than English and Indonesian, insufficiently addressed the COVID-19 pandemic and did not directly address or contribute to the primary focus areas and objectives of our study. In this study, we used VUCA to describe complex changes and unpredictable disruptions happened to mental health during this pandemic. After an extensive screening process, 11 articles were deemed suitable for inclusion in the review. This review showed that the VUCA framework, encompassing volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity, has been particularly evident during the COVID-19 pandemic. This period has witnessed widespread volatility, affecting diverse facets of life, from individual well-being to livelihoods. Uncertainty has permeated the global economy, compounding challenges, notably mental health. Complexity, often oversimplified by laypeople, underscores the intricate problems leaders face. Ambiguity, characterized by a lack of transparent cause-and-effect relationships, has defined the unprecedented and unpredictable nature of the pandemic. This unique situation demands innovative leadership approaches across various sectors. While the VUCA era has heightened global mental health challenges, particularly during the pandemic, technological advancements offer positive changes. Generations Y and Z, adept at leveraging technologies like IoT and digital health watches, demonstrate preventive health behaviors. This shift facilitates predictive treatment, empowering individuals to proactively identify and address potential health issues.Item Metadata only Tall ghosts, Chopsticks and Monitor Lizards: Name-calling and its Perpetrators in the Cultural Context of Thailand(2023-11-01) Grothaus C.; Grothaus C.; Mahidol UniversityWhile name-calling has been associated with several adverse effects on students’ well-being, it is often overlooked, particularly if understood as harmless teasing. Scholars have stressed that not only the intention of the name-caller but also the perception of the receiver should be considered. Such perceptions can be influenced by cultural value orientations, which remain understudied but gain importance with the increasing internationalisation of education. This study explores name-calling in the context of Thailand, a prototypical collectivist, high power distance society, which has shown a high prevalence of verbal bullying. This study conducted 95 autobiographical written narratives and 20 in-depth interviews of past and current name-calling experiences with Thai university students. Findings revealed that friends, teachers, and parents frequently called students names, which were primarily related to students’ skin colour and weight. Despite its adverse effects, name-calling was often normalised and accepted as part of Thai culture. Values including collectivism, conflict avoidance, social harmony, being considerate and shared enjoyment appeared to discourage students from defending themselves against friends, who were frequently identified as name-callers. Teachers regularly called students hurtful names, particularly when taking attendance, entertaining the class, asking questions, and addressing performance, which seemed to be reinforced by the societal norm of showing respect to people of high status.Item Metadata only An Investigation Through Philosophy and Case Studies on Regional Integration, Migrants and Refugees, and the COVID-19 Crisis(2023-01-01) Moshammer G.; Posrithong N.; Ishido H.; Moshammer G.; Mahidol UniversityThis chapter looks at philosophically oriented studies on the linkage between regional integration and the COVID-19 pandemic, taking EU and ASEAN as comparative cases. Section 2 discusses what perspectives need to look at regional integration and the COVID-19 pandemic. In Section 3, we compare ASEAN and the EU on the premise of this methodology, and discuss regional integration and the concept of “fairness” by taking the case of vulnerable groups such as migrant refugees, and the COVID-19 pandemic. In the final Conclusion, we make a tentative conclusion on the concept of fairness in relation to regional integration.