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Publication Open Access Association between histological grading, Ki-67, AgNOR, KIT expression pattern and survival time in a dog with mast cell Tumour: A case report(2020) Ploen Nganthavee; Paitoon Srimontri; Tanit Kasantikul; Namphung Suemanotham; เพลิน งานทวี; ไพฑูรย์ ศรีมนตรี; ฐานิต กสานติกุล; น้ำผึ้ง สื่อมโนธรรม; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary ScienceA 13-year-old entire male Thai Ridgeback dog presented to Prasu-Arthorn Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University with a mass on the caudal right flank. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) revealed round cellsPublication Open Access การใช้วัคซีนไข้หวัดนกในสัตว์ปีก และการกลายพันธุ์ของเชื่อไข้หวัดนก(2552) อนุวัตน์ วิรัชสุดากุล; กำลัง ชุมพลบัญชร; มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. คณะสัตวแพทยศาสตร์Publication Open Access Adult stem cells and stem cell niche play important roles in primary mammary tumors(2009) WaraphanToniti; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Preclinic and Applied Animal SciencePublication Open Access Subtilisin-like proprotein convertases (SPCs); host enzymes controlled viral protein processing and maturation(2014) Kridsada Chaichoun; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Pre-clinic and Applied Animal ScienceThe cellular subtilisin-like proprotein convertases (SPCs) are responsible for virion maturation process which occurs in secretory vesicles, primes virion maturation and viral infectivity. Eight SPCs, SPC1 (furin/PACE), SPC2 (PC2), SPC3 (PC1/PC3), SPC4 (PACE4), SPC5 (PC4), SPC6 (PC5/PC6A) and SPC7 (LPC/PC7/PC8) and PCSK9, were identified. The consensus substrate sequence is -RX(K/R)R▼X- (X can be any amino acid, ▼ represents the cleavage site). The conformational change of viral proteins can be triggered by a low pH in the endosomes, as in the case of influenza virus, or by the interaction with a secondary receptor protein at the cell surface, as the case of HIV. In flaviviruses, the functional roles of charged residues locate to the SPC consensus sequence in cleavage site of prM protein and provide cleavability affect to virus replication. Changes in the prM-cleavage level were associated with altered proportions of extracellular virions and subviral particles. The hemagglutinin (HA) protein is a critical determinant of the pathogenicity of avian influenza viruses, with a clear link between HA cleavability and virulence. The highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, in which contain high numbers of basic amino acid sequence at the HA cleavage site, can be converted to low numbers of basic amino acid sequence of a typical avirulent virus. The processing by SPCs is an important control mechanism for the biological activity of viral surface proteins. The molecular mechanisms underlying the recognition of SPCs by viral glycoproteins were described, including recent findings demonstrating differential SPC-recognition of viral and cellular substrates. Proteolytic activation of envelope glycoproteins is necessary for entry of viruses into the host cell and, hence, for their ability to undergo multiple replication cycles. Proteolytic cleavage is the first step in the activation of virus fusion proteins and is followed by a conformational change resulting in the exposure of the fusion domain. The conformational change can be triggered by a low pH in the endosomes, or by the interaction with a secondary receptor protein at the cell surface.Publication Open Access Preliminary report: Homology modeling of Human Ryanodine Receptor-1(2012) Waraphan Toniti; Pranom Puchadapirom; Aekkapot Chamkasem; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Pre-clinic and Applied Animal Science; Mahidol University. Faculty of Science. Department of PathobiologyExcitation-contraction (E-C) coupling is the series of events in which an electrical stimulus is converted into a mechanical contraction. Ryanodine receptors (RyRs), the Ca2+ release channels, located at the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane and played role in E-C coupling. In this study, human RyR1sequence was studied by sequence of P21817. The in silico RyR1 models were generated using homology modeling. RyR1 is the largest known ion channels and composes of 15 important subdomains; cytoplasmic assembly and transmembrane assembly. This study focused on the larger cytoplasmic assembly that is composed of 10 subdomains. The results show that the shapes and the pocket sites of each domain of RyR1 are different. Each domain has its own pocket sites which facilitateinteraction between RyR1 and modulators. Future studies will certainly resolve additional structural differences among species of interest and may apply as model of calcium release channel-modulator interaction.Publication Open Access The importance of epigenetics in embryonic development and reproductive biotechnology(2012) Tuempong Wongtawan; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Pre-clinic and Applied Animal ScienceIt is well established that epigenetics and chromatin modifications are primary factors that can govern gene activity and nuclear architecture. They are also proven to be essential for normal embryonic development and cell differentiation. One important step during mouse development is the establishment of epigenetic reprogramming which is believed to be vital for normal growth and development, however; the mechanism is still poorly understood. Creating embryo using reproductive biotechnology such as IVM/IVF, ICSI and nuclear transfer may cause abnormal epigenetic pattern. This review summarise the role and the importance of epigenetic in embryonic development as well as reproductive biotechnology from research literature mainly in mouse used as a model for mammalian development.Publication Open Access Quality and quantity of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated by polymer of sucrose or colloidal silica solution gradient centrifugation(2008) Porntep Gittipongsiri; Somphon Makpun; Teeraphong Phansod; Dulyatad Gronsang; Roschong Boonyarittichaikij; Witthawat Wiriyarat; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary SciencePeripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are useful in cellular immunology, infectious disease diagnosis and molecular genetics research. This study was aimed to determine an appropriated procedure for PBMCs isolation from an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) by using gradient centrifugations method. The efficacy of four different density solutions including polymer of sucrose solution (Ficoll-Hypaque mixture) of density 1.077 and colloidal silica solution (Percoll) of density 1.077, 1.078 and 1.079 g/cm3 were compared in elephant PBMC separation. Quality and quantity of isolated PBMCs were estimated by using five parameters including cell purity, cell recovery rate, cell viability, viability of PBMCs after 5 days cultivation and total cell count. The results showed that the total cell count was significantly different among 4 treatments, in which Percoll with density 1.079 g/cm3 yielded the highest PBMCs (average = 3.94 X 107 cells/cm3) and highest PBMCs recovery rate (average = 82.61%). However, the purity, viability and viability of PBMCs after 5 days cultivation were not significantly different (P<0.05). In conclusion, Percoll with a density of 1.079 g/cm3 is the most suitable density gradient treatment for Asian elephant PBMCs isolation in both quantity and quality aspects.Publication Open Access Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP): An Alternative Molecular Diagnosis(2011) Dusit Laohasinnarong; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Clinical Sciences and Public Health DepartmentPublication Open Access Categorization of antimicrobial agents prescribed in the Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Thailand(2019) Arpron Leesombun; Sookruetai Boonmasawai; อาภรณ์ ลี้สมบุญ; สุขฤทัย บุญมาไสว; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Pre-clinic and Applied Animal ScienceAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is critical situation for human and animal health worldwide. The inappropriate antimicrobial use is one of the risk factors of AMR. Intriguingly, an increase of antimicrobial resistance bacteria was recently evident... in companion animals. Since such circumstance strongly implied the contribution of inappropriate antimicrobial use in veterinary clinics and hospitals to the problems, this study aimed to categorize and evaluate antimicrobials prescribed in the VeterinaryPublication Open Access Effects of scabraside D on cell viability inhibition and apoptosis promotion of human hepatocellular carcinoma(2018) Rassameepen Phonarknguen; Thanakorn Rawangchue; Orathai Thongjuy; Kanjana Assawasuparerk; รัศมีเพ็ญ โพธิ์นาคเงิน; ธนกร ระวังชื่อ; อรทัย ทองจุ้ย; กาญจนา อัศวศุภฤกษ์; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Disease in Wildlife and Exotic Animals; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. The Center for Veterinary Diagnosis; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Pre-Clinical and Appiled Animal ScienceScabraside D, derived from the sea cucumber Holothuria scabra is a sulfated triterpene glycoside which possess in various biological activities. We assessed the activity of scabraside D and their effects on cell viability and apoptosis on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines by MTT assay and staining with Hoechst 33342. The 25 to 100 μg/mL dose of scabraside D significantly decreased the viability of HepG2 cells, in a dose-dependent manner. The treatment with scabraside D at dose 50 and 100 μg/mL significantly also induces morphological changes of apoptotic cell, including cell shrinkage, nuclear chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation. Quantitative real-time PCR shows that scabraside D up-regulated Bax and Caspase-3 while down-regulated Bcl-2 expressions in the HepG2 cells in dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, scabraside D can inhibit cell viability and induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells. This study show that scabraside D may be used as a new therapeutic agent for human hepatocellular carcinoma