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Publication Open Access Adult stem cells and stem cell niche play important roles in primary mammary tumors(2009) WaraphanToniti; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Preclinic and Applied Animal SciencePublication Open Access Effect of Sex on Growth Curve, Production Performance and Carcass Quality of Cherry Valley Ducks(2018) Chanwit Kaewtapee; Kriengkrai Prahkarnkaeo; Chaiyapoom Bunchasak; Kasetsart University. Faculty of Agriculture. Department of Animal Science; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, breast meat, feet and gizzard (P<0.05), whereas female tended to have greater (P=0.10) skin with subcutaneous fat. In conclusion, since the sex dimorphism of ducks showed significant effect on growth rate from 42 days of age, the separate sex growingPublication Open Access Effects of the three flavonoids; kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin on Baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells and Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell (HepG2) cells proliferations and total Erk1/2 protein expression(2017) Sookruetai Boonmasawai; Arpron Leesombun; Kridsada Chaichoun; Jarupha Taowan; Ladawan Sariya; Orathai Thongjuy; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary ScienceKaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin were regarded as the potential therapeutic flavonoids in several types of cancers. And the cancer cell proliferations that were directly induced by MAPK/Erk signaling pathway had been the important target of cancer treatment. Thus, this study was investigated the anti-proliferative effects of these three flavonoids together with total Erk1/2 protein expressions on Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell (HepG2) and Baby hamster kidney cells (BHK-2). The data showed the cytotoxic effects of 100 μM kaempferol, 5 μM myricetin and 50 μM quercetin on BHK-21 cells at 24h. After same incubation time, kaempferol (5 μM), myricetin (1 μM) and quercetin (1 μM) could significantly inhibit HepG2 cell proliferations. By western blot analysis, kaempferol and myricetin could not affect Total Erk1/2 proteins expression. But quercetin obviously suppressed total Erk1/2 protein expression in HepG2 cells at 24h. In conclusion, all three flavonoids had significant inhibitory effects on Hepatocellular carcinoma cells without cytotoxic effects on normal fibroblast. And inhibitory effects of quercetin in cancer cell proliferation related to total Erk1/2 protein reduction.Publication Open Access Aqueous extract of Thai medical Herbs (Phytoplex) Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa cells)(2018) Somjit Chaiwattanarungruengpaisan; Warunya Chakritbudsabong; Nattapat Rutjanavate; Rassameepen Phonarknguen; Ganokon Urkasemsin; Sasitorn Rungarunlert; สมจิตร ใช้วัฒนรุ่งเรืองไพศาล; วรัญญา ชาคริตบุษบง; ณัฐภัทร รุจจนเวท; รัศมีเพ็ญ โพธิ์นาคเงิน; กนกนอร เอื้อเกษมสิน; ศศิธร รุ่งอรุณเลิศ; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals (MoZWE); Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Preclinic and Applied Animal Science; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Clinical Science and Public HealthCervical cancer remains a leading cause of cancer mortality in females. Chemotherapy is important as it was a part of the main treatment for this type of cancer. However, multidrug resistance and serious side effects have been major problems in cervical cancer chemotherapy. Therefore, the search for new anticancer drugs from the native medicinal herbs, is very attractive. The combination extract of eight Thai medicinal herb recipes, namely Phytoplex, is a commercial product of The Government Pharmaceutical Organization, has anti-cancer effect on hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) in vitro. However, the anticancer effects and molecular mechanisms of Phytoplex on cervical cancer have not yet been studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Phytoplex on human cervical adenocarcinoma cells (HeLa cells) in vitro. HeLa cells were treated with low concentrations of Phytoplex (50, 100, 500, 1,000 μg/ml) and high concentrations of Phytoplex (2,000 and 5,000 μg/ml) compared with a positive control (0.1% mitomycin C) and a negative control (0 μg/ml of Phytoplex) for 24, 48 and 72 h. Then, cell viability was evaluated using an MTT assay. The activities of caspase-3 (apoptosis marker) and Ki-67 (proliferation marker)†were investigated using an immunofluorescence assay. At 24 h, lower concentrations of Phytoplex promoted cell viability, while higher concentrations inhibited cell viability (P < 0.05). In addition, the inhibitory effect of Phytoplex continuously increased from 24 to 72 h of incubation peroid at high concentrations of Phytoplex. Moreover, Phytoplex inhibited HeLa cell proliferation with an IC50 value of 1,972.43, 1,230.10 and 1,317.67 μg/ml at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. The activity of caspase-3 of HeLa cells treated with high concentration of Phytoplex seemed to be higher than of negative control (0 μg/ml). Activity of Ki-67 was higher in lower concentrations of Phytoplex, than that in higher concentrations of Phytoplex. Therefore, HeLa cell growth inhibition was dose-and time-dependent. The study suggested that high concentrations (2,000 and 5,000 μg/ml) of Phytoplex exerted inhibitory effect in HeLa cell growth by inducing apoptosis via activation of caspase-3.Publication Open Access ตัวรับฮอร์โมนเอสโตรเจนและโปรเจสเตอโรนในเนื้อเยื่อเต้านมสุนัข(2552) สุกัญญา มณีอินทร์; มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. คณะสัตวแพทยศาสตร์Publication Open Access Effects of alcoholic extract from pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peels on gastrointestinal nematode egg counts in doe(2013) Sookruetai Boonmasawai; Sivapong Sungpradit; Charoonluk Jirapattharasate; Chowalit Nakthong; Lak Piasai; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary ScienceAnthelmintic drug resistant is one of the major problem that quietly reflecting the small ruminant production qualities. Because this problem recently spread out in many areas all over the world, the alternative anthelmintic methods are recently requiring, especially using local economic plants or remedies for reducing the impact. The pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is one kind of fruit that is used as an anthelmintic plant in Ayurveda remedies for a long time. We investigated the anthelmintic activity of alcoholic extract from pomegranate peels against female goat gastrointestinal nematodes and the toxic effects after treatments. The results were shown that albendazole and pomegranate peel powder could not affect percent of strongyle egg per gram (EPG) when comparing with pre-treatment control data. In contrast, ivermectin injections could significantly affect a first 24h (32 ± 5%), and had continuously effect at day 3, 7 and 14 (31 ± 17%, 51 ± 13% and 33 ± 11%, respectively). Alcoholic extract of pomegranate represented significantly anthelmintic effects at day 1, 3 and 7 (45 ± 11%, 57 ± 14% and 64 ± 7%, respectively) with non-significantly different when comparing with ivermectin. We also preliminary investigated the effects of alcoholic extract from mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) peels, it could not effect on egg count number per gram when comparing with pre-treatment control. The results suggested that alcoholic crude extracts from pomegranate peels could inhibit gastrointestinal strongyle-type egg production and may be promising used as an alternative anthelmintic drugs in small ruminant farms.Publication Open Access Quantitative evaluation of cellular intensity in cytologic staining over difference time period of post air-dried smear in canine mammary gland tumor(2018) Jeerasak sri-in; Pattita Ruayaree; Panpaga Sangsuriya; Panop wilainam; Parin Suwannaprapha; จีรศักดิ์ ศรีอินทร์; ปทิตตา รวยอารี; พรรณพงา เเสงสุริยะ; ภานพ วิไลนาม; ปริญ สุวรรณประภา; จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย. คณะเภสัชศาสตร์; มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. คณะสัตวแพทยศาสตร์. ภาควิชาปรีคลินิกและสัตวศาสตร์ประยุกต์Diagnostic cytology is an initial laboratory testing to diagnose various types of cancer, infections and inflammatory diseases. The collection and processing of cytological specimens are very important to produce good quality specimens for accurate and reliable cytological interpretations. In this study, 208 cytologic specimens were obtained from 26 dogs that have diagnosed of canine mammary gland tumors. The quantitative of cellular intensity in staining quality was evaluated in varying interval time of post air-dried smear by usage of light microscope and computer software. The results showed that the intensity of cells, nucleus, cytoplasm, and the percentage of neoplastic cells with distinct cell boundaries, which were parameters indicating staining quality, were statistical significant at all period of post air-dried smear when compared to specimens immediately stained (p<0.05). In conclusion, the results were demonstrated that any delay in staining post air-dried smears affected the cellular intensity and consequence adversely affected the quality of cytologic specimens.Publication Open Access Effect of dietary fish oil supplement on nutrients digestibility and egg yolk omega-3 fatty acids contents in Japanese Quails(2016) Kunaporn Homyog; Surasak Jittakhot; Samatchaya Pengdit; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary ScienceThis study were investigated the effects of dietary fish oil supplement on digestibility of nutrients, fatty acid composition of egg yolk and quality of eggs in Japanese quails. Three hundred and twenty, ten weeks old female Japanese quails were randomly divided into 2 treatments, replicated 8 cages with 20 birds per cage. Dietary treatments; control diet and fish oil supplement diet (added 6% fish oil) were fed for 30 days. Samples of diets, feces and egg were daily collected from last 5 days. For proximate analysis of fish oil supplement DM, EE and ash of feed intake were lower than control diet (P<0.01). Moreover, the dietary fish oil supplement on macronutrients digestibility revealed DM, ME (P<0.05) and ash were significantly decrease (P<0.01) and also found negative effect on nitrogen metabolism (P<0.05). Fish oil supplement had significantly negative effect on egg production, egg weight and yolk width (P<0.05). However, detected the increasing of saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, omega 3 and omega 9 fatty acids contents of quails fed fish oil supplement diet (P<0.01). On the other hand, fish oil supplement diets were highly significant decrease in omega 6 fatty acids and omega 6 to omega 3 fatty acid ratio (P<0.01). In summary, dietary fish oil supplemented can caused positive effect on content of saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, omega 3 and omega 9 fatty acids, but had adverse effect either macro-nutrients intake or their digestibility. Additionally dietary fish oil supplemented lead to lower omega 6 to omega 3 ratios that cloud be beneficial effect on human health.Publication Open Access Effects of scabraside D on cell viability inhibition and apoptosis promotion of human hepatocellular carcinoma(2018) Rassameepen Phonarknguen; Thanakorn Rawangchue; Orathai Thongjuy; Kanjana Assawasuparerk; รัศมีเพ็ญ โพธิ์นาคเงิน; ธนกร ระวังชื่อ; อรทัย ทองจุ้ย; กาญจนา อัศวศุภฤกษ์; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Disease in Wildlife and Exotic Animals; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. The Center for Veterinary Diagnosis; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Pre-Clinical and Appiled Animal ScienceScabraside D, derived from the sea cucumber Holothuria scabra is a sulfated triterpene glycoside which possess in various biological activities. We assessed the activity of scabraside D and their effects on cell viability and apoptosis on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines by MTT assay and staining with Hoechst 33342. The 25 to 100 μg/mL dose of scabraside D significantly decreased the viability of HepG2 cells, in a dose-dependent manner. The treatment with scabraside D at dose 50 and 100 μg/mL significantly also induces morphological changes of apoptotic cell, including cell shrinkage, nuclear chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation. Quantitative real-time PCR shows that scabraside D up-regulated Bax and Caspase-3 while down-regulated Bcl-2 expressions in the HepG2 cells in dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, scabraside D can inhibit cell viability and induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells. This study show that scabraside D may be used as a new therapeutic agent for human hepatocellular carcinomaPublication Open Access Ethnoveterinary medicine based on Ayurveda plants(2012) Sookruetai Boonmasawai; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Pre-clinic and Applied Animal ScienceTraditional plants used for medicine exist for several thousand years ago in India to solve human health problems. The Ayurveda concept involved in the balancing of five basic elements including earth, water, fire, air, and space (ether) because of various active ingredients in remedies. Nowadays, traditional plant uses in veterinary medicine in many regions have been documented and reported such as in Spain, Italy, Argentina, Brazil and Kenya. Catharanthus roseus (Apocynaceae) is an important medicinal plant containing vincristine used in veterinary medicine for treatment of canine transmissible venereal tumor and canine lymphoma. Additional evidences in China showed that Salacia oblonga root in Ayurvedic recipe was able to ameliorate hypertriglyceridemia and excessive ectopic fat accumulation in laying hens. Moreover, crude extract from Terminalia arjuna L. (Combretaceae) bark decreased blood pressure in anaesthetized dogs. However, World Health Organization (WHO) recently focuses in standardization, safety and efficacy of Ayurveda medicine to establish this herbal medicine system. Ayurveda in veterinary medicine still need further clinical research to provide more clear, comprehensive, and practical pharmacological information to improve constantly therapeutic qualities.