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    PublicationOpen Access
    The efficacy of edaravone (radicut), a free radical scavenger, for cardiovascular disease.
    (2013-07) Kikuchi, Kiyoshi; Salunya Tancharoen; ศรัณยา ตันเจริญ; Takeshige, Nobuyuki; Yoshitomi, Munetake; Morioka, Motohiro; Murai, Yoshinaka; Tanaka, Eiichiro; Mahidol University. Faculty of Dentistry. Department of Pharmacology
    , such as cardiovascular diseases and stroke. Therefore, free radicals may be targets for therapeutic intervention in these diseases. Edaravone shows protective effects on ischemic insults and inflammation in the heart, vessel, and brain in experimental studies. As well... as scavenging free radicals, edaravone has anti-apoptotic, anti-necrotic, and anti-cytokine effects in cardiovascular diseases and stroke. Edaravone has preventive effects on myocardial injury following ischemia and reperfusion in patients with acute myocardial
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Effect of high concentration lidocaine for mandibular teeth anesthesia: Review literature.
    (2015-01-27) Sirichai Kiattavorncharoen; ศิริชัย เกียรติถาวรเจริญ; Chavengkiat Saengsirinavin; เชวงเกียรติ แสงศิรินาวิน; Natthamet Wongsirichat; ณัฐเมศร์ วงศ์สิริฉัตร; Ping, Bushara; Im, Puthavy; Durward, Cullum; Natthamet Wongsirichat; ณัฐเมศร์ วงศ์สิริฉัตร; Mahidol University. Faculty of Dentistry. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
    Inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) is the most regularly used technique to anesthetize the mandibular teeth. Many authors have reported IAN block does not always result in completely success of pulpal anesthesia for the duration of the operation. The failure rates of pulpal anesthesia were reported from 10% to 39%. Many researches were manipulated several of ways to enhance the efficacy of local anesthetic use in dentistry. Many articles prove that high pH of local anesthetic enhances ionization property and provides sufficiency onset of local anesthetic. Furthermore, increasing concentration of lidocaine results in superior success rate compare to 2% lidocaine. To make a clear impression in effect of high concentration of lidocaine in mandibular anesthesia the further investigation should be encouraged. This review is to conclude ideas of related papers which studied in effect of increase concentration of lidocaine local anesthetic with vasoconstrictor in intraoral anesthesia.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Phenotypic alterations in human saphenous vein culture induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and lipoproteins: a preliminary development of an initial atherosclerotic plaque model
    (2013) Kriengchai Prasongsukarn; Urai Chaisri; Peenutchanee Chartburus; Kamolwan Wetchabut; Surachet Benjathummarak; Vasant Khachansaksumet; Yaowapa Maneerat; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Tropical Pathology
    Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease of blood vessels particularly the arteries. The development of atherosclerotic plaques or atherogenesis is a complex process that is influenced by cardiovascular risk...g/ml for 14 days. The phenotypic changes of the organ cultures characteristic of initial atherosclerotic plaques were evaluated. The effect of anti-atherogenic agent, 17-β estradiol (E2), was also determined. Results: Histologic, histomorphometric
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Epidemiology of bacteremia caused by uncommon non-fermentative gram-negative bacteria
    (2013) Pinyo Rattanaumpawan; Prapassorn Ussavasodhi; Pattarachai Kiratisin; Nalinee Aswapokee; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital. Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine
    Background: Prevalence of bacteremia caused by non-fermentative gram-negative bacteria (NFGNB) has been increasing over the past decade. Although many studies have already investigated epidemiology of NFGNB bacteremia, most focused only on common NFGNB including Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) and Acinetobacter baumannii (AB). Knowledge of uncommon NFGNB bacteremia is very limited. Our study aimed to investigate epidemiology and identify factors associated with uncommon NFGNB bacteremia. Methods: This observational study was conducted at a university hospital in Thailand during July 1, 2007-Dec 31, 2008. All patients who had at least one blood culture positive for NFGNB and met the criteria for systemic inflammatory response syndrome within 24 hours before/after obtaining the blood culture were enrolled. The NFGNB isolates that could not be satisfactorily identified by the standard biochemical assays were further characterized by molecular sequencing methods. To identify factors associated with uncommon NFGNB bacteremia, characteristics of patients in the uncommon NFGNB group were subsequently compared to patients in the common NFGNB group (AB and PA bacteremia). Results: Our study detected 223 clinical isolates of NFGNB in 221 unique patients. The major causative pathogens were AB (32.7%), followed by PA (27.8%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (5.4%), Acinetobacter lwoffii (4.9%) and Burkholderia pseudomallei (2.7%). Infection-related mortality was 63.0% in the AB group, 40.3% in the PA group and 17.4% in the uncommon NFGNB group. Factors associated with uncommon NFGNB bacteremia (OR [95% CI]; p-value) were male sex (0.28 [0.14-0.53]; p < 0.001), hospital-acquired infection (0.23 [0.11-0.51]; p < 0.001), recent aminoglycosides exposure 0.23 [0.06-0.8]; p = 0.01), primary bacteremia (6.43 [2.89-14.2]; p < 0.001]), catheter related infection (4.48 [1.54-13.06]; p < 0.001) and recent vancomycin exposure (3.88 [1.35-11.1]; p = 0.02). Conclusions: Our distribution of causative pathogens was slightly different from other studies. The common NFGNB group had a remarkably higher ID-mortality than the uncommon NFGNB group. Knowledge of factors associated with uncommon NFGNB bacteremia would help physicians to distinguish between low vs. high risk patients.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Mineral metabolism and outcomes in chronic kidney disease stage 2–4 patients
    (2013) Kamonwan Chartsrisak; Kotcharat Vipattawat; Montira Assanatham; Arkom Nongnuch; Atiporn Ingsathit; Somnuek Domrongkitchaiporn; Vasant Sumethkul; Sinee Distha-Banchong; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital. Division of Nephrology
    disease, whereas significant hyperphosphatemia only developed in the later stages. High-normal and mildly elevated serum phosphate (>4.2 mg/dL) predicted the composite outcome of end-stage renal disease or mortality after adjustments for cardiovascular
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Discrepant association of serum C-3 epimer of 25-hydroxyvitamin D versus non-epimeric 25-hydroxyvitamin D with serum lipid levels
    (2016) La-or Chailurkit; Wichai Aekplakorn; Kriangsuk Srijaruskul; Boonsong Ongphiphadhanakul; Mahidol University. Ramathibodi Hospital. Department of Medicine
    Background: Low vitamin D status has been associated with a number of chronic diseases. For dyslipidemia, vitamin D deficiency has been associated with higher low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) in a number of studies, but with inconsistent results in clinical trials. The purpose of the present study is to explore the relative importance of 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) as compared with the non-epimeric form in relation to serum lipid. Method: This study used data from 1068 randomly selected volunteers in the Thai 4th National Health Examination Survey (NHES IV). Serum 25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3, 3-epi-25(OH)D2 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 were analyzed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Results: There was no association between serum total 25(OH)D and serum LDL-C. However, circulating 3-epi-25(OH)D3 was negatively related to serum LDL-C (r = −0.077, P <0.05), while no such association was found for non-epimeric 25(OH)D3 (r =0.030, P = 0.33). On the other hand, both 3-epi-25(OH)D3 (r = 0.175, P <0.001) and non-epimeric 25(OH)D3 (r = 0.142, P <0.001) were positively related to serum triglyceride (TRIG) levels. In multiple linear regression models with age, gender, body mass index , urban residence, education, hypertension and education as covariates, it was found that 3-epi-25(OH)D3 was independently associated with serum LDL-C (beta = −0.12, P <0.01), while non-epimeric 25(OH)D3 was positively related to LDL-C (beta = 0.13, P = 0.002). For TRIG, there were positive association with 3-epi-25(OH)D3 (beta = 0.27, P <0.001) and negative association with non-epimeric 25(OH)D3 (beta = − 0.10, P = 0.011) independent of age, gender, urban resident and education. Conclusions: There is a discrepant association of 25(OH)D levels with serum lipids according to 25(OH)D epimeric forms.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Prevalence and risk factors for hypertension: evidence from non-communicable disease screening project in Nan province, Thailand
    (2006-01) Kattika Thanakwang; Kusol Soonthorndhada; กุศล สุนธรธาดา; Boonlert Leoprapai; Mahidol University. Institute for Population and Social Research
    Hypertension is one of the most important public health problems in Thailand. It is a multifactorial disease, due to a combination of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors. This study measured the prevalence of hypertension, and investigated the relationships between risk factors and hypertension morbidity among people aged 40 years and over in Nan Province. The data used in this study were collected in 2004 by a non-communicable disease screening project. The sample consisted of 4,322 persons. Hypertension morbidity was defined as having systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics with cross tabulation and binary logistic regression. Results revealed that the prevalence of hypertension morbidity was 18.3 %, and was higher in males than females and in persons aged over 60 years compared to persons aged 40 – 59 years. Using binary logistic regression, it was found that age, body mass index, previous high blood pressure and high blood sugar were significant positively associated with hypertension. Health risk behaviors such as excessive sodium intake including salt and seasoning powder, fatty-rich food, alcohol consumption, and stress were positively associated with hypertensive condition, and significant at the 5 % level. These findings suggest that health care providers should be concerned about health risk behaviors and factors related to hypertension of people in communities. Screening for hypertension in communities and health education and empowerment programs to increase awareness and prevention of hypertension are also needed.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    การจัดการทางทันตกรรมในผู้ป่วยภาวะความดันโลหิตสูงฉบับปรับให้ทันเหตุการณ์
    (2551-01) สมชัย มโนพัฒนกุล; Somchai Manopatanakul; สุภาพร มิ่งอารีวาณิช; Supabhon Ming-a-reewanich; วิมลพรรณ นนทรีย์; Wimonpan Nonsri; นิธิมา เชาวลิต; Nithima Chawalit; Mahidol University. Faculty of Dentistry. Department of Hospital Dentistry
    ผู้ป่วยที่มีภาวะความดันโลหิตสูงควรได้รับการดูแลทางทันตกรรมอย่างระมัดระวัง เมื่อผู้ป่วยเหล่านี้มาพบทันตแพทย์ควรได้รับการประเมินสภาวะร่างกาย จิตใจและความดันโลหิตก่อนการรักษา เพื่อลดโอกาสในการเกิดภาวะแทรกซ้อน นอกจากนี้ในปี พ.ศ. 2543 เกณฑ์วินิจฉัยและแนวทางการรักษาความดันโลหิตสูงมีการเปลี่ยนแปลง เช่น การให้ความสำคัญของความดันโลหิตช่วงหัวใจบีบตัวมากขึ้น การปรับอาหารและการดำรงชีวิตเพื่อป้องกันโรค ดังนั้นความเข้าใจในลักษณะของโรค การป้องกัน การรักษาและสภาวะต่าง ๆ ที่อาจเกิดขึ้นในช่องปากของผู้ป่วยที่มีภาวะความดันโลหิตสูงเป็นสิ่งที่ทันตแพทย์ควรทราบและติดตามการกำหนดแนวทางการรักษาล่าสุด รายงานนี้รวบรวมข้อมูลในแง่ การประเมิน การรักษาและภาวะแทรกซ้อนจากการรักษาภาวะความดันโลหิตสูงที่เกี่ยวข้องกับทางทันตกรรม เพื่อให้ทันตแพทย์ให้การรักษาได้อย่างถูกต้องตามแนวทางการรักษาที่ปรับเปลี่ยนแล้ว เพื่อนำไปสู่การรักษาที่ทันเหตุการณ์และมีประสิทธิภาพสูงสุด
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Factors associated with medication adherence among type 2 Diabetes patients in a private clinic in Yangon, Myanmar
    (2017) Wai Yan Maung Maung; Sariyamon Tiraphat; Apa Puckpinyo; Mahidol University. ASEAN Institute for Health Development
    This cross-sectional quantitative research was designed to determine the proportion of adherence to oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) and to explore factors associated with medication adherence among type 2 diabetes patients in a private clinic... as good adherence to oral-hypoglycemic agents. The result showed that significant predictors associated with medication adherence included household income, number of under 12 children, knowledge on diabetes, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Preliminary evaluation of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Tacca integrifolia in rodents
    (2015) Thatree Autsavakitipong; Parirat Khonsung; Ampai Panthong; Natthakarn Chiranthanut; Puongtip Kunanusorn; Narong Nuntasaen; Thaworn Jaipetch; Samreang Bunteang; Vichai Reutrakul; Mahidol University. Kanchanaburi Campus. Center for Innovation Chemistry
    Summary. This is a preliminary investigation of the ethyl acetate extract of the leaf of Tacca integrifolia (TIE) for the analgesic activity using writhing response in mice, tail flick test in rats and for anti-inflammatory activity using ethyl phenyl propiolate (EPP)-induced ear edema, carrageenan- and arachidonic acid-induced hind paw edema, as well as cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation in rats. The results showed that TIE (200 mg/kg, PO) significantly inhibited pain caused by acetic acid injection (65.9%) but did not exhibit effect in tail flick test in rats. These findings suggest that analgesic mechanism of TIE may act via peripherally pathway. The study of anti-inflammatory effect showed that TIE significantly inhibited ear edema induced by EPP. TIE (200 mg/kg, PO) inhibited paw edema induced by carrageenan (55.5%) and arachidonic acid (48.6%) but had no effect on cotton-induced granuloma formation in rats. In conclusion, the ethyl acetate extract of leaf of T. integrifolia possessed anti-inflammatory activity in acute inflammation and analgesic activity. Industrial relevant. Plants of the genus Tacca have been reported to possess many activities such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory and, antipyretic activities. Many species have been used to treat high blood pressure, burn, gastric ulcer, and hepatitis. The scientific studies supporting the traditional uses of Tacca integrifolia for some of the alleged activities are still lacking. The screening test for analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of the ethyl acetate extract of the leaf of Tacca integrifolia provides scientific data to confirm the potentials of T. integrifolia as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory anti-inflammatory drug in the future.