Browsing by Author "Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Clinical Science and Public Health"

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    PublicationOpen Access
    Aqueous extract of Thai medical Herbs (Phytoplex) Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa cells)
    (2018) Somjit Chaiwattanarungruengpaisan; Warunya Chakritbudsabong; Nattapat Rutjanavate; Rassameepen Phonarknguen; Ganokon Urkasemsin; Sasitorn Rungarunlert; สมจิตร ใช้วัฒนรุ่งเรืองไพศาล; วรัญญา ชาคริตบุษบง; ณัฐภัทร รุจจนเวท; รัศมีเพ็ญ โพธิ์นาคเงิน; กนกนอร เอื้อเกษมสิน; ศศิธร รุ่งอรุณเลิศ; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals (MoZWE); Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Preclinic and Applied Animal Science; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Clinical Science and Public Health
    Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of cancer mortality in females. Chemotherapy is important as it was a part of the main treatment for this type of cancer. However, multidrug resistance and serious side effects have been major problems in cervical cancer chemotherapy. Therefore, the search for new anticancer drugs from the native medicinal herbs, is very attractive. The combination extract of eight Thai medicinal herb recipes, namely Phytoplex, is a commercial product of The Government Pharmaceutical Organization, has anti-cancer effect on hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) in vitro. However, the anticancer effects and molecular mechanisms of Phytoplex on cervical cancer have not yet been studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Phytoplex on human cervical adenocarcinoma cells (HeLa cells) in vitro. HeLa cells were treated with low concentrations of Phytoplex (50, 100, 500, 1,000 μg/ml) and high concentrations of Phytoplex (2,000 and 5,000 μg/ml) compared with a positive control (0.1% mitomycin C) and a negative control (0 μg/ml of Phytoplex) for 24, 48 and 72 h. Then, cell viability was evaluated using an MTT assay. The activities of caspase-3 (apoptosis marker) and Ki-67 (proliferation marker)†were investigated using an immunofluorescence assay. At 24 h, lower concentrations of Phytoplex promoted cell viability, while higher concentrations inhibited cell viability (P < 0.05). In addition, the inhibitory effect of Phytoplex continuously increased from 24 to 72 h of incubation peroid at high concentrations of Phytoplex. Moreover, Phytoplex inhibited HeLa cell proliferation with an IC50 value of 1,972.43, 1,230.10 and 1,317.67 μg/ml at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. The activity of caspase-3 of HeLa cells treated with high concentration of Phytoplex seemed to be higher than of negative control (0 μg/ml). Activity of Ki-67 was higher in lower concentrations of Phytoplex, than that in higher concentrations of Phytoplex. Therefore, HeLa cell growth inhibition was dose-and time-dependent. The study suggested that high concentrations (2,000 and 5,000 μg/ml) of Phytoplex exerted inhibitory effect in HeLa cell growth by inducing apoptosis via activation of caspase-3.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Birth of kittens after the transfer of frozen-thawed embryos produced by intracytoplasmic sperm injection with spermatozoa collected from cryopreserved testicular tissue.
    (2012) T Tharasanit; S Buarpung; S Manee-In; C Thongkittidilok; N Tiptanavattana; P Comizzoli; M Techakumphu; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Clinical Science and Public Health
    The aim of this study is to produce live kittens from oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with frozen/thawed testicular spermatozoa. Spermatozoa were collected from thawed testicular tissue and subsequently injected into in vitro matured cat oocytes. At 24 h post-ICSI, presumptive zygotes/cleaved embryos were treated with 10 μm forskolin for 24 h to reduce intracellular lipid content of embryos (delipidation). At 48 h after oocyte injection, cleaved embryos (2- to 8-cell stage) were frozen in 10% (v/v) ethylene glycol-based medium by a slow controlled rate method and stored in liquid nitrogen. To evaluate in vitro and in vivo developmental competence, frozen embryos were thawed and then cultured for 6 days (n = 155) or cultured for 2 h before transferred (n = 209) to hormonal (equine chorionic gonadotropin/hCG)-treated cat recipients. Cleavage frequency at day 2 after ICSI with frozen/thawed testicular spermatozoa was ~30%. The percentages of frozen/thawed embryos that developed to morula and blastocyst stage (on day 3 and day 6 of in vitro culture, respectively) were significantly lower than that of fresh ICSI embryos (22.6 vs 45.2% and 21.3 vs 38.7%, respectively; p < 0.05). However, no difference was found in the number of blastomeres between frozen/thawed (242.5 ± 43.1) and fresh (320.2 ± 28.1) blastocysts. Three of seven cat recipients were pregnant and one pregnant cat delivered two healthy kittens. This is the first report of the birth of kittens after the transfer of frozen-thawed embryos produced by ICSI with frozen/thawed testicular sperm.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Comparison of the longissimus dorsi muscle tone in Thoroughbred racehorses before and after training
    (2016) Pichet Jewmongkonchai; Arunothai Muangma; Pattama Ritruechai; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Clinical Science and Public Health
    The longissimus dorsi is the largest back muscle of the horse and has the potential to contribute movement to the horse's back. Damage to the longissimus dorsi is very common to cause back injuries, which is also a major cause of poor performance and gait abnormalities in horses. The muscle indenter is a tool that allows measuring the stiffness of the back muscles. We hypothesized that the longissimus dorsi muscle tone after training would be stiffer than at rest. One sound mare and three gelding Thoroughbred racehorses were used in this study. The muscle tone was measured using a muscle indenter along both sides of the T14, T16, T18 and L2 longissimus dorsi muscle. Blood sample were collected to measure the blood lactate concentration before and after training. Heart rate was measured at rest and at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after training. We found a significant increase in muscle tone after training at T14, T16 and T18. The blood lactate concentration of studied horses significantly increased after training, although the values were still within the normal range. The recovery heart rates for all horses are tended to decrease (< 70 bpm) after 5 minutes of stopping exercise. We confirmed that the longissimus dorsi is a key muscle in horse movement that can be sensitive to relatively small training sessions; that is why this muscle is prone to get injured. Generally, the muscle intender was a successful tool of objectively measuring this muscle tone.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Cyclooxygenase enzymes expression in the kidney
    (2014) Namphung Suemanotham; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Clinical Science and Public Health
    Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of a common cause of death in both human and animals. Persistent proteinuria of renal origin and systemic hypertension are clinical and biological findings that are usually associated with more progressive kidney disease. In human medicine, renal cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes (especially COX-2) have been involved in the progression of CKD as one of the biological mechanism that modulates hypertension and/or proteinuria via their products, prostanoids. Furthermore, COX-2 has been proposed to play a pathophysiological role in experimental models of progressive renal injury. However, inhibition of COX enzyme activity by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), when used in clinical practice to provide pain relief and anti-inflammatory effects, can lead to renal adverse effects. This is because the prostanoids generated by renal COX enzymes have important physiological roles in the kidney.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Cyclooxygenase enzymes expression in the kidney
    (2014) Namphung Suemanotham; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Clinical Science and Public Health
    Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of a common cause of death in both human and animals. Persistent proteinuria of renal origin and systemic hypertension are clinical and biological findings that are usually associated with more progressive kidney disease. In human medicine, renal cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes (especially COX-2) have been involved in the progression of CKD as one of the biological mechanism that modulates hypertension and/or proteinuria via their products, prostanoids. Furthermore, COX-2 has been proposed to play a pathophysiological role in experimental models of progressive renal injury. However, inhibition of COX enzyme activity by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), when used in clinical practice to provide pain relief and anti-inflammatory effects, can lead to renal adverse effects. This is because the prostanoids generated by renal COX enzymes have important physiological roles in the kidney.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Development of specific activity of amylolytic and proteolytic enzymes in duodenum and jejunum of the small intestinal tract of meat-type ducks during 1-42 days of age
    (2017) Kriengkrai Prahkarnkaeo; Kiattawee Choowongkomon; Boonorm Chomtee; Choawit Rakangthong; Chaiyapoom Bunchasak; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Clinical Science and Public Health
    This experiment was conducted to elucidate the pattern of amylolytic and proteolytic digestive enzyme activities in meat-type ducks during 1-42 days of age. Twenty-eight male meat type ducks (Cherry Valley strain) were used, and diets based on corn-soybean meal were offered ad lib throughout the experimental period. At duodenal and jejunal segments, the specific activity (SA) of amylolytic (amylase) and proteolytic (trypsin, chymotrypsin and total proteases) enzymes were determined at 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days of age. Maximal or nearly maximal SA of all enzymes at first day after hatch (1 day of age) and the activity declined on 7 day of age was found (P<0.05). After 7 days of age, all enzymes tended to reach a nadir at day 14 or day 21, then the SA were significantly increased from 21 to 42 days of age (P<0.05). Therefore, the pattern of SA of all enzymes at duodenal and jejunal segments were changed in a cubic trend (P< 0.01) with age. In ducks, it is indicated that the embryonic enzyme reserve may be a reason of high SA of amylolytic and proteolytic enzymes at 1 day of age, then the SA are activated again after 21 days of age by intestinal development processes and/or increasing amount of feed intake.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Effects of adding melatonin on the quality of frozen-thawed boar semen
    (2017) Natcha Thongrueang; Nutchanat Chaibangyang; Panida Chanapiwat; Kampon Kaeoket; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Clinical Science and Public Health
    The aim of this study was to study the effects of adding melatonin at different concentrations on the quality of cryopreserved boar semen. Semen samples (n = 6) were collected by hand-glove technique. Semen samples were diluted with Modena? and divided into 6 groups. According to the concentrations of melatonin at 0 (control, group A), 0.1 (group B), 0.5 (group C), 1.0 (group D), 1.5 (group E) and 2.0 mM (group F) to the lactose-egg yolk extenders used to freeze boar semen with traditional method. Progressive motility, viability and acrosome integrity were evaluated both before and after cryopreservation. The results showed that here was no significant difference in percentage of progressive motility among groups. However, a higher percentage of progressive motility was found in group D (39.17%). A higher percentage of sperm viability and acrosome integrity were found in group F (28.33%) and group F (34.50%), respectively. In conclusion, the present results suggest that adding melatonin between 0.1 and 1 mM during freezing yield a superior post-thawed semen qualities than freezing without melatonin.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Effects of atropine 0.25 mg/kg on goat sexual desire, semen quality and seminal fluid volume
    (2020) Sakdichod Kimsakulvech; Chowalit Nakthong; Yupaporn Lanamtiang; ศักดิโชติ คิมสกุลเวช; เชาวลิต นาคทอง; ยุภาภรณ์ ลาน้ำเที่ยง; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Preclinic and Applied Animal Sciences; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Clinical Science and Public Health; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Veterinary Medical Center for Livestock and Wildlife Animal Hospital
    This experiment compared effect of atropine 0.25 mg/kg between before and after injection in eight male goats. The trial was conducted for 3 experiments in 3 consecutive weeks. At the first week, all male goats were injected intramuscularly with normal saline 1 ml (NSS) as a pre-control group. At the second week, all goats were injected with atropine 0.25 mg/kg as an atropine group. At the third week, all goats were injected with NSS as a post-control group. Pupillary light reflex and heart rate were evaluated 15 minutes before and after injection. Sexual desire was evaluated by libido score. Semen was collected within 40 minutes after injection for assessing semen quality and seminal fluid volume. In atropine group, all goats had mydriasis and significantly higher heart rate after injection. All groups could copulate and ejaculate within 1 minute after contacting the female. Sexual desire, semen parameters and seminal fluid volume were not significantly different among three groups. In summary, injecting atropine 0.25 mg/kg inhibited parasympathetic nervous system and did not change sexual desire, semen quality and seminal fluid volume.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Fatty acid composition in adipose tissues of goats and sheep reared on either grazing or confinement regimen
    (2014) สุรศักดิ์ จิตตะโคตร์; คุณาภรณ์ หอมยก; สมัชญา เพ็งดิษฐ์; เชาวลิต นาคทอง; Surasak Jittakhot; Kunaporn Homyog; Samatchaya Pengdit; Chowalit Nakthong; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Pre-Clinic and Applied Animal Science; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. The Center for Veterinary Diagnosis; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Clinical Science and Public Health
    Essential fatty acids play a part in many metabolic processes such as immune system, and cardiovascular system. A lower ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids or increased omega-3 fatty acids in human diet was more desirable in reducing the risk of the chronic diseases. Hence, the objective of this study was to determine fatty acid composition from goat and sheep adipose tissues with two different rearing regimens, grazing and confinement. Ten young male crossbred goats and sheep were equally divided into two groups by their species reared on either grazing or confinement. Analysis of data as a 2 x 2 factorial combination in Completely Randomized Design showed that different species did affect fatty acid compositions and no significant differences were found by either rearing regimens in fatty acid composition in perirenal adipose tissues. The ratio of the saturated to unsaturated fatty acid was significantly higher (P<0.01) in goats than that found in sheep. But, the effects of rearing and species-rearing interaction were not observed on this ratio. Moreover, there was significantly higher (P<0.05) α-linolenic acid (C18:3 ω3) in sheep adipose tissue than goats in both rearing regimens. Thus, ω6/ω3 ratio tended to be lower in sheep than goats. Perirenal adipose tissues from goat and sheep contained 4.02 % and 4.57 % polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), respectively.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Nuclear scintigraphic examination in veterinary medicine
    (2015) Somkiat Huaijantug; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Clinical Science and Public Health
    The present review will discuss the information of nuclear scintigraphic examination in veterinary medicine. The main focus is on the introduction of nuclear medicine procedures in animal patients and describes conventional nuclear medicine (brain scintigraphy, bone scintigraphy, thyroid scintigraphy, inflammation and oncological scintigraphy). Single photon emission scintigraphy (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) have recently been developed using for nuclear scintigraphic examination to provide functional and physiological imaging, the quantification of biochemical processes, molecular interactions, and neoplasias. Radiopharmaceuticals or radionuclides have a longer physical half-life allowing that need longer acquisition times used for specific investigation purposes. In veterinary medicine, scintigraphy can be the basis of a sensitive, specific and non-invasive diagnostic method, which information has been applied to support the diagnostic process and treatment planning for animal patients.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    A review on the functions of the horse back and longissimus dorsi muscle
    (2015) Pattama Ritruechai; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Clinical Science and Public Health
    The function of a muscle is to permit movement and maintain posture. Such a key role depends on the interplay between its anatomical structure and the way is used during movement. From a mechanical sense, a muscle changes its length to generate force. If it generates force while shortening (concentric), it will generate mechanical power, and if it generates force whilst it is being stretched (eccentric), it will absorb mechanical power. The longissimus dorsi, the largest muscle of the horse's back, is of considerable importance for its key functions on the athletic ability and performance of the animal. In this review, I summarized the anatomy, functions, biomechanics, and disorders of the horse back. The biomechanics of the horse's back depend on the interaction between the spinal column and the spinal musculature. Especially, longissimus dorsi muscle performs different functions both along its length and different regions across each segment. Several studies have reported muscular disorders in the horse's back such as stiffness and limitation of motion range, as also by electromyography records on the muscle activity (albeit at single recording sites during locomotion). These reports are typically isolated observations and no study has yet integrated muscle activity patterns with the cycles of flexion-extension in any detail, neither a study has linked these factors to the muscle fascicle strains in the longissimus dorsi. Such studies will be fundamental to fully understand the mechanical role of the longissimus dorsi, particularly during locomotion, and will develop new treatment techniques for horse veterinarians. In addition, 3D anatomical measures of the structure in vivo integrated with measures of function back motion and longissimus dorsi muscle activity would be ideal to understand in further detail the function of the horse's back.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Trypanosoma evansi infection in mice and sow: cryopreservation of T. evansi, its infectivity and subsequent clinical signs and pathological findings
    (2011) Siriporn Tantawet; Bastiaan Willemse; Piyanant Taweethavornsawat; Kampon Kaeoket; Mahidol University. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Department of Clinical Science and Public Health