Thesis and Thematic paper
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Item Open Access การนำนโยบายกำกับดูแลมาตรฐานด้านการรักษาความปลอดภัยการบินพลเรือนของ สำนักงานการบินพลเรือนแห่งประเทศไทยไปปฏิบัติ(มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล, 2564) สุทธิพงษ์ อัชฌาพงศ์; กฤษณ์ รักชาติเจริญ; กมลพร สอนศรี; สมบูรณ์ ศิริสรรหิรัญ; สมศักดิ์ อมรสิริพงศ์การวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาบริบทและสาระสำคัญ ปัญหาและอุปสรรคเพื่อพัฒนาแนวทางที่มีประสิทธิภาพต่อการนำนโยบายกำกับดูแลมาตรฐานด้านการรักษาความปลอดภัยการบินพลเรือนของสำนักงานการบินพลเรือนแห่งประเทศไทยไปปฏิบัติ โดยเป็นการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ ใช้วิธีการศึกษาจากเอกสารและการสัมภาษณ์แบบเจาะลึก ซึ่งมีผู้ให้ข้อมูลสำคัญจำนวน 18 คนและใช้วิธีการวิเคราะห์เนื้อหาจากข้อมูลที่ได้มาผลการศึกษาพบว่านโยบายด้านการรักษาความปลอดภัยการบินพลเรือนถูกจัดทำขึ้น โดยสอดคล้องกับอนุสัญญาว่าด้วยการบินพลเรือนระหว่างประเทศ ค.ศ. 1944 ซึ่งมีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อปกป้องการบินพลเรือนให้พ้นจากการกระทำอันเกิดจากการแทรกแซงโดยมิชอบด้วยกฎหมายปัญหาในการนำนโยบายกำกับดูแลมาตรฐานด้านการรักษาความปลอดภัยการบินพลเรือนของสำนักงานการบินพลเรือนแห่งประเทศไทยไปปฏิบัติ คือ การขาดมาตรฐานในการดำเนินงานกำกับดูแลและบังคับใช้กฎหมายด้านการรักษาความปลอดภัยการบินพลเรือนข้อเสนอแนะจากการวิจัยครั้งนี้ คือ ควรกำหนดมาตรฐาน ขั้นตอนการปฏิบัติและวิเคราะห์ข้อบกพร่องที่เกิดขึ้นจากการตรวจสอบมาตรฐานด้านการรักษาความปลอดภัยการบินพลเรือน รวมถึง ประเมินความเสี่ยงเพื่อจัดสรรทรัพยากรในการดำเนินงานให้สอดคล้องกับสถานการณ์ การนำผลการวิจัยไปใช้ประโยชน์: ปัญหาที่สำคัญของการนำนโยบายกำกับดูแลมาตรฐานด้านการรักษาความปลอดภัยการบินพลเรือนของสำนักงานการบินพลเรือนแห่งประเทศไทยไปปฏิบัติคือการกำกับดูแลและบังคับใช้กฎหมาย ซึ่งผลการศึกษาแสดงให้เห็นว่า ความมีประสิทธิภาพของการกำกับดูแลและบังคับใช้กฎหมายนั้น เป็นผลมาจากความชัดเจนของนโยบายด้านการรักษาความปลอดภัยการบิน การมีกลไกประสานงานที่ดีและช่องทางการสื่อสารที่มีประสิทธิภาพ รวมถึงการมีทรัพยากรที่เพียงพอดังนั้น แนวทางการแก้ไขปัญหาที่มีประสิทธิภาพของการกำกับดูแลและบังคับใช้กฎหมายนั้น คือการพัฒนานโยบายด้านการรักษาความปลอดภัยโดยการศึกษาอย่างครอบคลุมและขอคำแนะนำจากผู้เชี่ยวชาญ การมีส่วนร่วมของผู้มีส่วนได้เสียในคณะกรรมการระดับชาติและการวิเคราะห์ข้อบกพร่องเพื่อบรรลุผลในการใช้ทรัพยากรให้เกิดประโยชน์สูงสุดItem Open Access ปัจจัยทำนายความรอบรู้ด้านสุขภาพในการดูแลผู้ป่วยแบบประคับประคอง ของญาติผู้ดูแลในกรุงเทพมหานคร(มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล, 2564) จิราพัชร แสงศรีจันทร์; ปิยะธิดา นาคะเกษียร; รักชนก คชไกรการศึกษาเชิงสหสัมพันธ์เพื่อหาอำนาจการทำนาย (predictive correlational design) นี้ มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาอำนาจการทำนายของปัจจัยร่วมด้านต่าง ๆ ต่อความรอบรู้ด้านสุขภาพในการดูแลผู้ป่วยแบบประคับประคองของญาติผู้ดูแลในกรุงเทพมหานคร กลุ่มตัวอย่าง คือ ญาติผู้ดูแลผู้ป่วยแบบประคับประคอง จำนวน 106 ราย สุ่มตัวอย่างแบบหลายขั้นตอน (multiple stage random sampling) เก็บรวบรวมข้อมูลจากแบบสอบถาม ประกอบด้วยแบบสอบถามความรอบรู้ด้านสุขภาพในการดูแลผู้ป่วยแบบประคับประคอง แบบสอบถามปฏิสัมพันธ์ระหว่างผู้ป่วยกับญาติผู้ดูแล และแบบสอบถามการสนับสนุนทางสังคม วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้สถิติเชิงพรรณนา ได้แก่ ค่าความถี่ ร้อยละ ค่าเฉลี่ย ส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน และสถิติเชิงอนุมาน โดยวิเคราะห์ความสัมพันธ์และการวิเคราะห์อำนาจการทำนาย โดยใช้สถิติสหสัมพันธ์เพียร์สัน และสถิติถดถอยพหุคูณ ผลการศึกษาพบว่า การศึกษา ปฏิสัมพันธ์ระหว่างผู้ป่วยและญาติ และการสนับสนุนทางด้านสังคม มีความสัมพันธ์ทางบวกกับความรอบรู้ด้านสุขภาพในการดูแลผู้ป่วยแบบประคับประคองของกลุ่มตัวอย่าง อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (r = .244, p < .05, r = .297, p < .001 และ r = .423, p < .001 ตามลำดับ) และผลวิเคราะห์การถดถอยพหุคูณพบว่า อายุ การศึกษา ปฏิสัมพันธ์ระหว่างผู้ป่วยและญาติผู้ดูแล และการสนับสนุนทางด้านสังคม สามารถทำนายความรอบรู้ด้านสุขภาพในการดูแลผู้ป่วยแบบประคับประคองของญาติผู้ดูแลในกรุงเทพมหานครได้ร้อยละ 24.8 (R2 = .248, df = 4, F = 8.335, p = .000) อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (p < .05) โดยพบว่าระดับการศึกษา และการสนับสนุนทางด้านสังคม สามารถทำนายความรอบรู้ด้านสุขภาพในการดูแลผู้ป่วยแบบประคับประคองของญาติผู้ดูแลในกรุงเทพมหานครอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (β = .230, p < .05 และ β = .364, p < .001 ตามลำดับ) การนำผลของวิทยานิพนธ์ไปใช้ สถานบริการสุขภาพระดับปฐมภูมิทั้งภาครัฐและเอกชน ควรสนับสนุน ส่งเสริม และให้ความสำคัญกับการนำแนวคิดการสนับสนุนทางด้านสังคมมาใช้เพื่อการพัฒนาความรอบรู้ด้านสุขภาพในการดูแลผู้ป่วยแบบประคับประคอง (health literacy in palliative care) ของญาติผู้ดูแลได้อย่างครอบคลุมและทั่วถึงต่อไปItem Open Access Associated factors of resilience among medical students(Mahidol University, 2023) Warisa Leethanakul; Cherdsak Iramaneerat; Yodying DangprapaiDuring training, medical students experienced multiple challenges. There was reported decline of medical students’ mental health after entering medical schools. Resilience is the characteristics that promote positive adaptation in the face of adversity. Fostering resilience would help protect medical students from emotional distress. Since there were limited studies of associated factors of resilience in medical students, a greater understanding of these factors would be advantageous for future interventions intended to enhance resilience in this context. This study aimed to explore factors associated with resilience among medical students. The study design was correlation research based on survey data. Participants were the 1st – 6th year medical students at Faculty of medicine Siriraj hospital in academic year 2022 (n=1735). There were 652 participants returned the survey (response rate 38%). Univariate analysis found that gender (r=0.09, p=0.02), physical activity (r=0.18, p<0.001), growth mindset (r=0.55, p<0.001), fixed mindset (r=−0.10, p=0.01), perceived social support (r=0.35, p<0.001), and perceived teacher’s support (r=0.28, p<0.001) were correlated with resilience. The multiple linear regression revealed that growth mindset (β=0.77, p<0.001), fixed mindset (β=−0.13, p=0.01), perceived social support (β=0.08, p<0.001), and perceived teacher’s support (β=0.02, p=0.04) were significant predictors of resilience. The multiple linear regression model provided significant predictive ability with coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.35. In conclusion, growth mindset, fixed mindset, perceived social support and perceived teacher’s support were significant predictors of resilience among medical students. Implication of thesis: The findings from this study suggested that a medical school should focus on improving growth mindset, social support, and mentorship program in order to enhance resilience in medical students.Item Open Access The relationship between learning style, academic achievement, and critical thinking skills among orthopaedic residents(Mahidol University, 2021) Thos Harnroongroj; Cherdsak Iramaneerat; Surin ThanapipatsiriThe research purposes were to report the Kolb learning style incidence in Orthopaedic residents and the relationship to academic achievement and critical thinking. There were 48 residents included. The demographic data was reviewed. The Thai-language Kolb learning style inventory and critical thinking test questionnaires were allocated. And, the basic science orthopaedic examination scores of Thai board certification and higher graduate diploma program in clinical medical sciences orthopaedic surgery were collected representing academic achievement. The results showed the 2 most common learning styles: assimilating (37.5%) and converging (25.0%). There was no significant difference of academic achievement among each learning style. There were statistically significant difference of critical thinking score-disposition in each style as p = 0.018 and 0.023. The converging styles had the highest critical thinking score while the assimilating style had the highest critical thinking disposition. To conclude, the 2 most common converging-assimilating styles were the learning style which had the relationship with good critical thinking skills. The learning Orthopaedic experiences should encourage the reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation to facilitate the critical thinking ability in the residents. Implication of Thesis: The results of this study could be applied for the implementation of the Orthopaedic learning experiences that could enhance the critical thinking ability and might improve the academic achievement in Orthopaedic residents. The result of Kolb learning style incidence also had benefit in better understanding the profile of the learners.Item Open Access A study of a business plan : a case study of the new growing segment of food delivery for packaging business(Mahidol University, 2023) Pakaphol Tiptipakorn; Thanarerk Thanakijsombat; Dissatat PrasertsakulThe market value of packaging products in Thailand is estimated at 180 billion baht with a growth of 5% per year. The impact of the pandemic in recent years has caused the food delivery industry to massively grow, making this market attractive for packaging companies to target. The objectives of this study were to identified customer’s market needs, pain points, preference, and behaviour toward the food-grade paper packaging product. The instruments used were an in-depth interview with 15 representatives from an small to medium size unchain food stores locate in Bangkok and the surrounding areas. It was found that price, quality, and product design are three common factors that prevent customers to obtain their ideal food packaging products. As most food stores are small to medium size businesses, their quantity of purchases might not be as high as large-size food stores. Purchasing at a low quantity will result in a high price per unit, a major concern for these stores. Moreover, the quality of the packaging is hard to define from the outside without deep knowledge of product specifications. Poor materials and production processes can result in a defective packaging product that cannot hold goods. In addition, designing their own packaging product can be a challenge for many customers without supports from those that have packaging knowledge. The result suggests that there are still opportunities to fulfill in the paper food-grade packaging market. Hence, to respond to these issues from the customers, the new business plan name BundleUp aims to develop solutions to help small and medium sizes customers to connect with an affordable and high-quality packaging source. Bundle Up will serves packaging product solutions on both online and offline channels from designing, advising, production, and onsite delivery. Implication of the thematic paper: The finding of this study will be a useful reference for companies to better understand customers’ demands and serve the right solution for them.Item Open Access A study of cyber range functions in cybersecurity risk management by using the NIST framework(Mahidol University, 2023) Rujirekh Saetiea; Rojjalak Chuckpaiwong; Sotarat ThammaboosadeeTechnology has played a role in almost every organization, regardless of size, as an addition to some organizations, or as the core of some organizations, in response to the expanding business competition in the Internet world. Though technology develops rapidly, threats and attacks go beyond; organizations must adapt and prepare their resources, not only the technology used for protection but also the readiness and understanding of the risks from threats and attacks from employees throughout the organization. The purpose of this study was to research the capabilities of the Cyber Range platform where to help mitigate global cyber threats and the concept to perform cybersecurity risk assessment according to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework and special publication related to the risk management such as SP800-30 and SP800-39. This study selected the threat events for cyber-attacks are characterized by the tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) employed by adversaries; after that, to conduct the cybersecurity risk assessment to come up with the potential impact, and the final step was mapping feature of Cyber Range to mitigate the risk. It was found risk level of the potential impact based on the cyber threat selected and guidance mapped Cyber Range to the organization that would like to start their risk management strategy. Implication of the thematic paper: The results provide suggestions and recommendations on how to start implement the risk management of organization in general using NIST framework and Cyber Range functions.Item Open Access Correlation between cognitive impairment and quality of life in Schizophrenia(Mahidol University, 2022) Pornpilin Wongthanakarn; Woraphat Ratta-apha; anate PukrittayakameeThis study aimed to examine the prevalence and correlation between cognitive impairment and quality of life in schizophrenia. The sample consisted of patients who had been diagnosed with schizophrenia and followed up at the Psychiatric Out-patient Unit or Psychiatric Rehabilitation and Community Unit, Siriraj Hospital between March 2021 – August 2021. 115 patients were derived from the statistic calculation. Nevertheless, due to the Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) epidemic situation, the number of samples was decreased to only 48 cases (41.73%) that could be collected. The data-collection instrument consisted of a general information questionnaire, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Thai Version (MoCA-T), and the Thai abbreviated version of World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF-THAI). The result showed that twenty-nine participants (60.4%) were classified as having a cognitive impairment with no relation to the demographic characteristics. The quality of life section found that most of the sample had a moderate quality of life level in every domain. Moreover, there was a relationship between gender and psychological quality of life domain which females were greater than males. When analyzed the correlation between cognitive impairment and quality of life, the result found a significant correlation between environment domain, the sum of the MoCA-T score, attention, and delayed recall. The psychological domain was correlated between attention, visuospatial and executive function. Finally, the result also found a correlation between overall quality of life, the sum of the MoCA-T score, and attention.Item Open Access Business plan : the empire quality seed solutions(Mahidol University, 2023) Aung Chan Myae. 1995-; Thanarerk Thanakijsombat; Dissatat PrasertsakulMyanmar is an agricultural country for centuries and thriving as it is until nowadays. Although the milling sector and input sector became developed after mechanization, the seed sector is still performing as in the 1950s. Climate change is another factor affecting the crop routine of farmers, especially in the dry zone where there is poor irrigation system and low rainwater level. The objective of the study is to observe the current difficulties of farmers and their preferences on the type of seed and to discover the factors that can help to validate the business model. Quantitative approach questionnaires were used to investigate the 385 farmers in the dry zone who own less than 50 acres each. The study shows 88% of farmers believe sufficient water could make their yield increase and thus 92% of respondents want to use new robust seeds which need less water and fertilizer. If the seed has guaranteed sale price, 95% would love to cultivate despite the high seed cost. Since 43% of farmers used to get loan for their inputs, contract farming and direct selling from seed farm will be used as main channels of new seed distribution. Implication of the thematic paper: This study provides critical insights for the development of a resilient seed supply chain in Myanmar, emphasizing that risk-mitigation strategies such as guaranteed pricing and direct distribution channels are essential for the adoption of climate-smart agricultural inputs among smallholder farmers.Item Metadata only EV forever : a one-stop-service EV conversion platform(Mahidol University, 2023) Kakkanine Supsuwan; Thanarerk Thanakijsombat; Dissatat PrasertsakulThis study explored the feasibility of establishing an electric vehicle (EV) related business in response to the increasing demand for EVs in Thailand and identified challenge associated with charging infrastructure. A comprehensive business situational analysis was conducted, utilized various macroeconomic, industry, value chain, competitor, and market analysis tools. In addition, both qualitative and quantitative research methods were employed, involving interviewed with 15 potential business partners and a survey with 400 respondents in the target market. The findings indicated that the concept of EV conversion was not technically viable. However, the survey results revealed a new business opportunity related to assurance of driving EVs in Thailand. It showed that 64.2% of responses planned to buy their new vehicle in electric type (EVs), and 22.6% of them planned to buy plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHEVs). However, the top concern among them who planned to purchase EVs within these few years was 94.3% concerned about insufficient charging stations along their driving routes. Drawing insights from the respondents' marketing preferences and behaviors, a financially and technically feasible business model was proposed, demonstrating a net present value (NPV) of THB 18,923,763 and an internal rate of return (IRR) of 102.83%. Implication of the thematic paper: This research provides an understanding to the EV market landscape in Thailand focusing on EV Conversion business opportunities and its readiness. It also shares valuable insights for entrepreneurs seeking to capitalize on emerging business opportunities in the long term of EV Conversion. Moreover, the findings show some insights for about consumer behavior towards EVs, which beneficial for EV portable charger products. The financial planning of this research shows the feasible business opportunities during this growing phase of electric vehicle in Thailand.Item Metadata only The accuracy of implant placement using simplified drilling protocol in vitro study on bone type D3(Mahidol University, 2023) Surapha Chottawornsak; Nattapong Sirintawat; Boworn KlongnoiA proper dental implant’s position provides predictable hygienic, esthetic, and functional outcomes. Thus, the accuracy of implant placement is important. A simplified drilling protocol is using a pilot drill, followed by the final drill. This technique helps shorten the surgical time, whereas conventional drilling protocol uses a serial of gradual drills to widen the implant bed preparation. However, there is no study on the accuracy of implant placement using simplified drilling protocol. Thus, this study aimed to compare the accuracy of implant placement by using simplified drilling protocol with conventional drilling protocol. This study evaluated the accuracy of implant placement by using simplified drilling protocol in-vitro study on bone type D3. Artificial mandibular model with single edentulous space of tooth no.36 was prepared as a mother model. Subsequently 40 models were made out from the mother model by using polyurethane and integrated the synthetic bone for bone type D3 (Misch’s classification). CoDiagnostiX™ software was employed to print out 3D surgical guided template. In this study, there were 40 dummy bone level taper implants with diameter 4.8 mm and length 10 mm and 5 mm T-sleeve. After that, a surgeon would position surgical guide template into individual study model and placed implant under simplified drilling protocol and conventional drilling protocol. CoDiagnostiX™ software was used to assess the deviation of implant placement at entry point, apical point and angulation, and differences in variables were determined by unpaired t-test. According to conventional drilling technique, the accuracy of implant placement in bone type D3 revealed that the deviations at angle, the base and the tip aspects were 3.35±1.42 ∘ , 1.11±0.55 mm, and 1.50±0.53 mm, respectively. For simplified drill protocol, 3D offset deviation was 2.66±1.33 ∘ at angle, 0.82±0.44 mm at the base and 1.19±0.53 mm at the tip. However, the results showed no statistically significant difference between simplified drilling protocol and conventional drilling protocol in base 3D offset, tip 3D offset and angulation. Implication of the thesis: Simplified drilling protocol would be one of the options that clinicians might use to save time when doing dental implant surgery.Item Open Access ผลของโปรแกรมเสริมสร้างพลังอำนาจของผู้ดูแลหลักในครอบครัวต่อพฤติกรรมการดูแลด้านการปฏิบัติกิจวัตรประจำวันผู้ป่วยโรคหลอดเลือดสมองกลุ่มติดบ้านในชุมชนเมือง กรุงเทพมหานคร(มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล, 2564) นิภา ปานเสน่ห์; ยุพา จิ๋วพัฒนกุล; จันทิมา ฤกษ์เลื่อนฤทธิ์การวิจัยกึ่งทดลองแบบ 2 กลุ่มวัดก่อนและหลังการทดลอง มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาผลของโปรแกรมเสริมสร้างพลังอำนาจต่อพฤติกรรมการดูแลด้านการปฏิบัติกิจวัตรประจำวันของผู้ดูแลหลักในครอบครัวผู้ป่วยโรคหลอดเลือดสมองกลุ่มติดบ้าน โดยประยุกต์ใช้แนวคิดการเสริมสร้างพลังอำนาจของกิบสันเป็นกรอบแนวคิดการวิจัย กลุ่มตัวอย่างเป็น ผู้ดูแลหลักในครอบครัวของผู้ป่วยโรคหลอดเลือดสมองกลุ่มติดบ้านที่มีอายุ 18 – 60 ปี ที่อาศัยอยู่ใน ชุมชนเมือง กรุงเทพมหานคร สุ่มเลือกเข้ากลุ่มทดลองและกลุ่มควบคุมโดยวิธีการจับฉลาก กลุ่มละ 38 คน เครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการวิจัยครั้งนี้ ได้แก่ แบบสอบถามข้อมูลทั่วไป แบบสอบถามการรับรู้พลังอำนาจของผู้ดูแลหลัก แบบสอบถามพฤติกรรมของผู้ดูแลหลักในการดูแลกิจวัตรประจำวันให้ผู้ป่วยโรคหลอดเลือดสมองกลุ่มติดบ้าน และโปรแกรมเสริมสร้างพลังอำนาจผู้ดูแลหลักในครอบครัว ซึ่งออกแบบให้กลุ่มทดลองได้รับการเสริมสร้างพลังอำนาจด้านการปฏิบัติกิจวัตรประจำวัน โดยการจัดกิจกรรมกลุ่มแลกเปลี่ยนประสบการณ์การดูแล ให้ความรู้และสาธิตการปฏิบัติการดูแล แจกคู่มือ สะท้อนคิดพฤติกรรมการดูแลผ่านกิจกรรมกลุ่ม เยี่ยมบ้านรายบุคคล ให้ปฏิบัติการดูแลผู้ป่วย ติดตามทางโทรศัพท์และส่งข้อความสั้นทางแอปพลิเคชันไลน์ เป็นเวลา 6 สัปดาห์ วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลด้วยสถิติ Independent t-test, Paired t-test และ ANCOVA ผลการศึกษา พบว่ากลุ่มทดลองมีคะแนนเฉลี่ยพฤติกรรมการดูแลด้านกิจวัตรประจำวันผู้ป่วยโรคหลอดเลือดสมองกลุ่มติดบ้านมากกว่ากลุ่มควบคุม อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (p < .01) และคะแนนเฉลี่ยพฤติกรรมการดูแลด้านกิจวัตรประจำวันผู้ป่วยโรคหลอดเลือดสมองกลุ่มติดบ้านมากกว่าก่อนได้รับโปรแกรมฯ อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (p < .01). ผลการศึกษาครั้งนี้ช่วยให้ผู้ดูแลหลักมีแนวทางในการปรับเปลี่ยนพฤติกรรมการดูแลกิจวัตรประจำวันของผู้ป่วยโรคหลอดเลือดสมองและช่วยให้พยาบาลเวชปฏิบัติชุมชนและบุคลากรสุขภาพมีโปรแกรมต้นแบบที่เป็นแนวทางในการวางแผนและพัฒนากิจกรรมการเสริมสร้างพลังอำนาจร่วมกับผู้ดูแลหลักในครอบครัวเพื่อส่งเสริมให้ผู้ดูแลมีพฤติกรรมการดูแลด้านการปฏิบัติกิจวัตรประจำวันผู้ป่วยโรคหลอดเลือดสมองที่เหมาะสมมากยิ่งขึ้น การนำผลของวิทยานิพนธ์ไปใช้: สามารถนำผลการวิจัยครั้งนี้ไปเป็นแนวทางสำหรับพยาบาลเวชปฏิบัติชุมชนและบุคลากรสาธารณสุขในการวางแผนและพัฒนากิจกรรมการเสริมสร้างพลังอำนาจร่วมกับผู้ดูแลหลักในครอบครัว เพื่อสนับสนุนให้ผู้ดูแลมีพฤติกรรมการดูแลด้านการปฏิบัติกิจวัตรประจำวันของผู้ป่วยโรคหลอดเลือดสมองที่เหมาะสมมากยิ่งขึ้นItem Open Access Can transformative learning improve empathy in fourth-year medical students?(Mahidol University, 2021) Chayut Wonglertwisawakorn; Cherdsak Iramaneerat; Yodying Dangprapai; Varuna KolkijkovinEmpathy is an essential skill in a physician; however, empathy levels often decline across the medical curriculum. This research explored the effectiveness of a unique transformative learning workshop to increase empathy levels in fourth-year medical students. The research questions were: 1) Does the empathy level of medical students improve after participating in the transformative learning workshop? 2) Is the empathy level of medical students in the group that participates in the transformative learning workshop significantly higher than those in the group that does not? and 3) Is the improvement in empathy level in the intervention group sustained for at least one month? Voluntary participants consisted of 74 fourth-year medical students from the Faculty of Medicine, Vajira Hospital, with 37 students in each group. The control group received standard workshops, while the intervention group received both standard and transformative learning workshops. The instrument for empathy measurement was the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) Student Version. Data were collected three times: before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, and one month later. Results showed no significant differences regarding gender or grade point average between the two groups, and pretest JSE scores did not significantly differ. After the transformative workshop, the immediate posttest JSE scores were significantly higher than the pretest scores in the intervention group (t(35) = 2.59, p = 0.014). The mean difference between immediate posttest and pretest JSE scores was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (t(68) = 3.37, p = 0.001). Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the immediate posttest and delayed posttest JSE scores in the intervention group (t(35) = 0.49, p = 0.63). In conclusion, the transformative learning workshop significantly enhanced empathy and appeared to sustain that increase for at least one month in fourth-year medical students. Implication of Thesis: The pattern and sequence of this transformative learning workshop can be applied to increase empathy for medical and other healthcare professional students; additionally, this conceptual framework of transformative learning can be redesigned for improving other non-technical skills necessary for healthcare providers.Item Metadata only Development and validation of rubric for assessment of practice in Thai traditional therapeutic massage(Mahidol University, 2023) Onnicha Tachaviriya; Tripop Lertbunnaphong; Kasana RaksamaniThe purpose of this study is to validate content validity, internal structure validity, and inter-rater reliability of practice in Thai traditional therapeutic massage’s rubric. This study was divided into three parts. To validate the content validity, five experts were invited to evaluate the rubric using IOC and give suggestions for rubric development. The developed rubric was sent to experts to reconsider until all experts approved. Then clinical supervisors received training on the rubric. To validate internal consistency validity, a trained clinical supervisor assessed the student during massage patient and used Cronbach’s alpha to test. To validate inter-rater reliability, two trained clinical supervisors assessed the student during massage patient and used ICC to test. The findings indicated that the rubric IOC's content validity ranged from 0.4 to 1.0. While internal structure validity of each category and overall rubric, Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.430-0.728 and 0.736, respectively. Inter-rater reliability of rubric, ICC ranged from 0.016-0.743. The developed rubric passed three content validity evaluations, and the majority of the criteria had good test content validity. The internal structure validity of the rubric was good for the overall, while each category's internal structure validity and inter-rater reliability were weak. To enhance validity and reliability, assessment should be used to decide whether to delete the knowledge and other skills category or raise the requirements. Additionally, the rater training procedure has to be enhanced to boost inter-rater reliability.Item Metadata only Identification of international soft skills standard for data steward team(Mahidol University, 2023) Wichai Kiatdamkerng; Rojjalak Chuckpaiwong; Sotarat ThammaboosadeeNowadays, data plays an important role in business operations, and there is a trend to use data to generate more business, causing many organizations to focus on data as if it were an organization's valuable asset with customer behavior for use in product design. Data also contributes to decision-making and creates competitive business advantages, and when data is crucial, data governance is important as well, and an indispensable component of data governance is the data steward team. A data steward team must possess both technical and soft skills to be effective in data governance. This research aims to identify and design important soft skills for the data steward team, beginning with the scope of work and role and responsibilities of the data steward team at each maturity level, to identify the soft skills required for work and conduct in-depth interviews with data-related work experts. Based on the interview results, it was determined that the data steward team requires five essential skills for data governance work: 1) relationships, 2) ability and willingness to learn, 3) conceptual thinking, 4) time management, and 5) team leadership. Implication of the thematic paper: This research work can increase the efficiency of the data governance tasks of the data steward team. The organization can use the results of the research to develop a training plan for the data steward team's staff in the organization. In addition, it can also be defined as the skills needed to recruit new employees who will join the organization's data steward team to ensure that they have these skills and work in collaboration with the technical skills that the data steward team has and increase the efficiency of data governance in the organization according to the objectives that the organization has set.Item Metadata only Effects of online frame-of-reference rater training on scoring accuracy in objective structured clinical examination(Mahidol University, 2023) Zarina Sadad; Kasana Raksamani; Cherdsak IramaneeratThe objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) is an important tool to assess clinical skill in health science education. The quality of the OSCE relies on reliability and validity. Frame-of-reference training (FORT) might be an effective strategy to improve rating accuracy and the reliability of the OSCE. This study aims to evaluate the effect of FORT in the medical area, in comparison to the control group, on accuracy and inter-rater reliability in the OSCE. This research was an experimental study that compared one group of examiners who had undergone FORT with the control, considering the effectiveness outcomes in FORT. The study was conducted among the medical staff of the Faculty of Medicine Vajira hospital. The research instrument in this study was three mock OSCEs. Two sets of three mock OSCEs were used as pretests and posttests. The proportion of correct responses, distance accuracy and Borman’s differential accuracy were used to determine scoring accuracy. Inter-rater reliability was estimated with the intraclass correlation coefficients and 95% confidence intervals. The sample population was 42 participants: 21 per control group and 21 per experimental group. This study's results indicated no difference in three scoring accuracy parameters between the FORT group and control group after training. This study also showed that FORT positively impacted rating accuracy in the history-taking skill according to the results from distance accuracy and Borman’s differential accuracy indexes (P <0.001). There was an improvement in the ICCs values in the FORT group from the history-taking skill in both PE in a patient with abdominal pain (from 0.73 to 0.92), and management in epistaxis (from 0.69 to 0.80). Implication of the thesis: On the bright side of this study’s result, health science faculties can utilize FORT as the specific training session for the OSCE station, which aims to assess the competency in the history-taking skill.Item Metadata only Spatial and temporal association between serological prevalence of foot and mouth disease and transboundary movement of large ruminants in Lao people's democratic republic (Lao PDR)(Mahidol University, 2023) Saravalee Suphakarn; Wirichada Pan-Ngum; Chawarat Rotejanaprasert; Jarunee Siengsanan-LamontFoot and mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most important transboundary animal diseases around the world. With highly contagious in susceptible cloven-hoofed animals such as cattle and buffalo, foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) has a great potential for causing severe economic loss, especially in developing countries such as Lao PDR and Thailand. Because of the demand-supply, cross-border movements of large ruminants in the Greater Mekong sub-region are extensive and Lao PDR has played an important role as the middleman for ruminants trading in this sub-region. The transboundary movement of the animal and other factors were possibly associated with the prevalence of FMD in Lao PDR. Therefore, this study aimed (1) to descript the pattern of serological prevalence and transboundary movement of large ruminants in Lao PDR between 2019 and 2020 and (2) to evaluate the spatial and temporal association between the serological prevalence of FMD and risk factors including transboundary movement, animal characteristics, geographical characteristic, and population in Lao PDR. Existing datasets of transboundary animal movement, serological prevalence, and population between 2019 and 2020 were used for descriptive analysis and linear regression analysis. The results found that the transboundary movement of large ruminants from Thailand to Lao PDR between 2019 and 2020 was dense in two provinces—Bokeo and Khammuane—which were the transit points to export the animal to China and Vietnam. The serological prevalence average was 41.4 percent in 2019 and 50.5 percent in 2020. The regression showed that there were three significant variables (p-value < 0.05) influenced the standardized morbidity rate of FMD, including region, proportion of cattle in the movement, and average of animal age. This study provided a better understanding of the spatial and temporal relation of the risk factors and the serological prevalence of FMD and information for improving the control measures of FMD at both provincial and regional level. Implication of the thematic paper: The results of could be used for improving the policy for FMD control and prevention at various levelsItem Metadata only System analysis and design of an automatic conversational commerce platform approaching sales improvement(Mahidol University, 2023) Polawattana Chaiphugdee; Rojjalak Chuckpaiwong; Sotarat ThammaboosadeeCurrently, there is significant growth in sales through conversational commerce. Therefore, businesses need to expand their marketing channels to align with changing consumer behaviours. However, businesses encounter challenges when expanding sales channels through chat platforms. This is because these chat platforms cannot efficiently integrate data with existing business systems, such as automated order processing, customer data integration, and product data integration. This research aims to analyse and design a chatbot system that integrates three capabilities: text processing, image processing, and business data integration. The study begins by examining the scope of the process of selling through conversational commerce, identifying the existing problems, and studying the methods of analysis and design using various diagrams. Additionally, it includes the creation of testing guidelines for the outcomes obtained from the analysis and design. The research results demonstrate the use case diagram, activity diagram, entity relationship diagram, and mock-up design for a chatbot system that utilizes a rule-based algorithm to facilitate data integration through a chat platform. Additionally, there are reviews from experienced professionals in various domains, including marketing, IT system analysis, and software development. These reviews indicate that the analysis and design outcomes can be effectively implemented and further developed into a chatbot program. Implication of the thematic paper: This research can serve as a blueprint for developing chatbot systems. Furthermore, it can easily be extended to incorporate cutting-edge AI algorithms, replacing the algorithms analysed and designed in this research, to develop more advanced and commercially viable products.Item Metadata only Development of low code platform for electrical power trading using blockchain and artificial intelligence(Mahidol University, 2023) Jirasak Phoo-In; Adisorn Leelasantitham; Prush Sa-nga-ngamNowadays, there is widespread production of electricity from solar cells for domestic use. However, electricity generation from solar cells is most effective during daylight and doesn’t produce electricity at nighttime. This means at nighttime, households still rely on electricity from the grid, while in the daytime, electricity produced from solar cells exceeds household’s needs. The objective of this research was to study the development of a platform for peer-to-peer electricity trading auctions, where sellers and buyers can set their desired prices. Artificial intelligence is utilized to automatically determine the optimal bidding prices. The research utilized data from 20 house electricity trading auctions to train the artificial intelligence model and assist in determining the most suitable electricity trading prices in the auctions. The results and conclusions of this research revealed that buyers and sellers who win auctions during the automated trading period obtain the best prices for electricity trading. The development of the platform using blockchain technology and Low-code platform significantly accelerated the development process and provided a platform for exchanged and stored transaction data. This enhanced the security of the trading information and contributed to a higher level of security in the transactions. Implication of the thematic paper: This study was developed using an artificial intelligence system for automated trading using blockchain technology on a Low-code platform. This system aimed to facilitate automatic bidding and trading, providing convenience in electricity trading, promoting continuous electricity usage. The research also provided insights for future development of artificial intelligence using Low-code platforms, with the goal of applying it in the future.Item Metadata only Data visualization for people with disability career : case study of the social innovation foundation(Mahidol University, 2023) Worawut Khantee; Rojjalak Chuckpaiwong; Taweesak SamanchuenThis research aimed to develop a dashboard of the data with business intelligence to support the Social Innovation Foundation (SIF), which has been coordinating employment between people with disabilities and workplaces since 2016. However, those data are never summarized, analyzed, and presented in a user-friendly format. This research used the data collection method by interviewing all the users in each department who are involved. Disability data used from SIF secondary sources cover all seven types of disabilities. Furthermore, data were also derived from more than 400 establishments perceived between years 2018-2022. These data were designed and developed by using the Microsoft Power BI program, presenting information through various diagrams and charts. User satisfaction assessment results, operators are considerably satisfied with the dashboard. This tool can greatly reduce the work time of operational personnel. The executives recognize the benefits and importance of the dashboard. Dashboard should be implemented to help plan the operations of the organization in the next phase. Implication of the thematic paper: This dashboard allows organizations to take data in a generalized view through various chart formats. It shows factors and relationships of data sets, retrieving insights accurately, quickly, and easily.Item Metadata only Descriptive and predictive behaviors analytics of the elderly that are likely to result in NCDs(Mahidol University, 2023) Jeeranun Rattanapornmongkol; Rojjalak Chuckpaiwong; Sotarat ThammaboosadeeNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) have a high number of cases and fatalities. Lifestyle habits or behaviors are all factors that cause non-communicable diseases, such as drinking alcohol, smoking, or a lack of exercise, inadequate rest, etc. As a result, this research examines the behaviors that contribute to diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, and cancer in order to reduce the number of patients and fatalities from non-communicable illnesses. The algorithms used in the study were generalized linear model (GLM), deep learning (DL), decision tree (DT), and random forest (RF) using non-clustering and clustering techniques for prediction through Automated Machine Learning tools (AutoML). The relationship between non-communicable diseases was analyzed using the FP-Growth technique. The dataset utilized was non-personally identifiable questionnaire data on desirable health habits of the elderly, from the Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health, consisting of 999,999 records. Implication of the thematic paper: According to the result, age, drinking alcohol, and exercise are factors influencing disease, with deep learning identified as the most suitable algorithm. The relationship between non-communicable diseases was found