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Publication Open Access Trend of Detection and Prevalence Rates of Leprosy in the Central - Highland Region.Vietnam during 1996 -2005(2007) Luong Truong Son; Jiraporn Chompikul; Sirikul Isaranurug; Mahidol University. ASEAN Institute for Health DevelopmentA retrospective study was conducted to assess and predict the epidemiology situation of leprosy (based on the annual leprosy reports during 1996 - 2005 from 11 provinces) in the Central - Highland Region. Between 1996 and 2OO5, a total 4,262 leprosy cases were detected in the Central-Highland Region Vietnam 600/0 were males and 40 % were females (male to female ratio = 1.5: 1). The percentage of age group (< 15 years) was 8.5% during this period. For clinical classification, 57.6% were i-Bacillary, 42.4% were Pauci - Bacillary, The disabled grade II proportion of leprosy among new cases had decreased consistently and continuous from 36.8% (1996) to 19.1% (2005)' averaged 25.6%. Trends of the leprosy detection and prevalence rates had decreased significantly, steadily and continuously since 1996. The prevalence was 1.35 per 10,000 populations in 1996 that had decreased by 86% at the end of 2005 (0.19 per 10,000 populations). The detection rate was 2.03 per 100,000 populations in 2005 that had decreased by 76% since 1996 (8.34 per 100,000 populations). The annual decrease in prevalence and detection rates in the Central-Highland Region during 1996 - 2005 were results of adequate finding of new leprosy cases during 1996 (?89 cases) - 2OO5 (236 cases). The relationship between prevalence and detection rate highly positive correlated (r = 0.99), and was statistically significant (p< 0.01). This indicated that the more the detection rate decreased, the more the prevalence rate decreased. The forecasts for detection rate of leprosy were 1.66, 1.31, and 0.97 per 100,000 populations in 2006, 2OO7 and 2008 (the accuracy of forecasting was quite high as the mean square deviation was only 0.12, The forecasts for the number of new leprosy cases were 209 in 2006, 194 in 2OO7 and 179 in 2008. However, the accuracy of forecasting is not high.Publication Open Access Factors influencing the performance of village health posts in Kalasin Province, Thailand(2019) Bunpode Suwannachat; Jiraporn Chompikul; Aroonsri Mongkolchati; Boonyong Keiwkarnka; บรรพจน์ สุวรรณชาติ; จิราพร ชมพิกุล; อรุณศรี มงคลชาติ; บุญยง เกี่ยวการค้า; Mahidol University. ASEAN Institute for Health Developmentfor health volunteers were 5.9 times more likely to have the high level of the performance than those with no financial support. VHPs with high level of community leader participation in execution of VHPs was 10.2 times more likely to have the high levelPublication Open Access Factors associated with anaemia among pregnant women in Kegalle district, Sri Lanka(2015) Sriyal Wijesinghe; Sariyamon Tiraphat; Seo Ah Hong; Jiraporn Chompikul; Nilmini Hemachandra; Mahidol University. ASEAN Institute for Health Developmentwith low BMI compared to normal BMI and those having a last child below 3 yrs compared to those having a last child over 5 yrs of age had 4 (95%CI:1.79 - 9.79) and 4.6 times (95%CI:1.27 - 16.74) higher risk of having anaemia respectively. ThereforePublication Open Access Prevalence and risk factors for low back pain among oil field workers in Minhla Township, Magway Region, Myanmar(2019) Hlaing Myo Thu; Jiraporn Chompikul; Bang-on Thepthien; Chathaya Wongrathanandha; ลาย เหมียว ตรู; จิราพร ชมพิกุล; บังอร เทพเทียน; ฉัฐญาณ์ วงศ์รัฐนันท์; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital. Department of Community Medicine; Mahidol University. ASEAN Institute for Health Developmentknowledge about occupational health hazards were 2.32 times more likely to have low back pain than those who had good knowledge (Adj. OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.01 - 4.99). Prevalence of low back pain was high among small-scale oil field workers, as wellPublication Open Access Patient satisfaction with Hearth services at the Out patient Department Clinic of Wangmamyen Community Hospital, Sakeao province, Thailand(2007) Ny Net; Santhat Sermsri; Jiraporn Chompikul; Mahidol University. ASEAN Institute for Health Developmentsatisfaction level. The majority of comments from patients were critical of long waiting times fbr seeing doctors and pharmacists, rate commencement of doctor,s working time, and poor interpersonal manner of doctors and nurses. ReinforcementPublication Open Access Factors associated with time to start antenatal care within 12 weeks gestational age among mothers in Mahasarakham province, Thailand(2016) Prapant Soontornprakasit; Aroonsri Mongkolchati; Jiraporn Chompikul; Mahidol University. ASEAN Institute for Health DevelopmentTime to start antenatal care (ANC) within 12 weeks gestational age (GA) was important to reduce maternal mortality. This study aimed to determine factors associated with time to start antenatal care within 12 weeks GA among postpartum women... ethnic and illiteracy postpartum women. This study found that 99.6% postpartum women took at least 1 time to use services at ANC. 50.4% started ANC within 12 weeks GA and 18.6% were teenage (age<19 years) pregnancies. Only 6.6% had awareness of rightPublication Open Access Prevalence and associated factors of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers in Pan-Ta-Naw township, Myanmar(2015) Wai Lynn Kyi; Aroonsri Mongkolchati; Jiraporn Chompikul; Somsak Wongsawass; Mahidol University. ASEAN Institute for Health Developmentoccupation (Adj.OR=5.94, 95%CI=2.23-15.81), places of delivery (Adj.OR=7.29, 95%CI=2.48-21.38), ANC visit at least 4 times (Adj.OR=27.02, 95%CI=7.57-96.49), and knowledge about breastfeeding (Adj.OR=10.84, 95%CI=3.11-37.77). The strongest predictor... was making ANC visits at least 4 times. This study found that mothers in both rural and urban area were likely to have little understanding about exclusive breast feeding; hence, health education regarding to this issue should be promoted. As the frequencyPublication Open Access Proper hand washing practices among elementary school students in Selat sub-district, Indonesia(2012) Tri Setyautami; Santhat Sermsri; Jiraporn Chompikul; Mahidol University. ASEAN Institute for Health DevelopmentEven though proper hand washing is the most effective and easiest way to prevent many diseases, unfortunately many people do not practice hand washing correctly. The worldwide Global Hand Washing Day campaign which targets school children as the most effective agents for behavior change is both evidence of this problem and an attempt to address it. This study considers the implications of this practical policy for local government, health professionals and other stakeholders concerned with improving school-based hygiene intervention programs. This paper describes a cross-sectional descriptive study about hand washing practice, the prevalence of proper hand washing, and related factors among sixth grade of elementary students in Selat sub-district, Indonesia. A self administered questionnaire was administered to 274 students at seven schools randomly selected by proportion to size from five villages. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi square tests, and multiple logistic regression to explore associations between the various study factors (i.e. socio-demographic characteristics, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived control, and availability of facilities). Nine combinations of hand washing emerged from this study which combined washing hands by using water and soap with two critical events: before eating and after visiting the toilet. Only 40.5% of the respondents washed their hands properly. Availability of clean water (Adj OR = 4.24, 95% CI = 1.92-9.35) and soap (Adj OR = 5.55, 95% CI = 2.36-13.08) at hand washing stands were found to be significant predictors of proper hand washing, when adjusted with other factors. This study demonstrates that the prevalence of proper hand washing was very low among the school students. Hand washing promotion should be more effective in schools and better facilities need to be more widely available to improve the prevalence of proper hand washing by students.Publication Open Access Determinants of the unmet need for family planning among married fecund women in Natmauk Township, Magway Region of Myanmar(2018) Aung Hpone Myint; Sariyamon Tiraphat; Jiraporn Chompikul; อัง โฟน มินท์; ศริยามน ติรพัฒน์; จิราพร ชมพิกุล; Mahidol University. ASEAN Institute for Health DevelopmentFamily Planning plays an important role in improving maternal and child health by means of adequate spacing of child births and preventing unintended pregnancies. Reducing unmet need is crucial in fighting against the high levels of induced abortions, maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2018 to April 2018 in Natmauk township, Magway region of Myanmar. A total of 420 married women of reproductive age (18-49 years) were enrolled in this study and two-stage stratified sampling was used to draw a sample. The data were collected by face to face interview with a structured questionnaire. Total percentage of unmet need for family planning in the study area was 18.1% and the percentage of contraceptive use was 71.7%. After using multiple logistic regression, older women aged more than 35 years (Adj OR=2.49, 95% CI=1.48-4.19), poor attitude towards family planning (Adj OR=1.79, 95% CI=1.02-3.14), women who got low social support from husband and friends (Adj OR=1.93, 95% CI=1.13-3.31) were more likely to have unmet need for family planning than their counterparts. The main reasons for not using contraception were fear of side effects and desire to get more children. It is notable that the prevalence of unmet need for family planning was high especially among women within older age group, women with poor attitude towards family planning and women who got low social support from their husbands and friends. Local government and health authorities should implement comprehensive health programs which should be focused on the women as well as their husbands. Furthermore, providing counselling strategies for family planning while integrating participation of women and their husbands to improve the attitude towards family planning are need to be promoted.Publication Open Access Strengthening self-help and mutual aid in Japan’s community-based integrated care system based on the Thai health policy for the elderly(2019) Kyoko Sudo; Jun Kobayashi; Shinichiro Noda; Jiraporn Chompikul; Yoshiharu Fukuda; Kenzo Takahashi; เคียวโก๊ะ ซูโด๊ะ; จูน โคบายาชิ; ชินนิชิโร๊ะ โนด๊ะ; จิราพร ชมพิกุล; โยชิฮารุ ฟุกุดะ; เคนโซ๊ะ ทากาฮาชิ; Mahidol University. ASEAN Institute for Health Development; National College of Nursing. National Center for Global Health and Medicine; University of Ryukyus. Department of Global Health; National Center for Global Health and Medicine. Bureau of International Health Cooperation,; Teikyo University. Graduate School of Public HealthAging is a global issue not especially in the developed world. Governments of both developed and developing countries struggle with the financial burdens of aging populations. The Japanese government is implementing the Community-based Integrated Care System (CbICS) for elderly individuals to provide comprehensive up-to-end-of-life support services in communities. This system proposes four elements: self-help (Ji-jo), mutual aid (Go-jo), social solidarity care (Kyo-jo), and government care (Ko-jo); self-help and mutual aid are expected to be strengthened for successful policy implementation. Thailand, with the highest aging rate in Southeast Asia, has a successful system based on primary health care (PHC). The authors discussed ideas from the Thai health policy for the elderly to address the challenges in the Japanese system. For a data collection method, the authors conducted document reviews. Interviews with officers from the relevant ministries were conducted to verify the evidence to strengthen self-help and mutual aid in Japan’s CbICS. Factors promoting the implementation of the Thai health policy for the elderly were extracted. Aging issues were influenced by the national strategy. The second National Plan for Older Persons focused on community-based care services following the PHC concept and tried to implement them comprehensively along with the ministries. The factors promoting the implementation of the Thai health policy for the elderly included “Clear and adequate government role distribution”, “Decentralization and authority of local governments”, “Earlier preparation”, “Empowerment and encouragement of preventive activities in the community”, “Evaluation system”, “Evidence-based”, “Fit for global concepts and national issues”, “Involvement of stakeholders”, and “Solutions to fragmentation”. The results indicated that the Thai health policy for the elderly was characterized by a strong central government, with emphasis on well-being and the prevention of diseases, and involvement of multiple ministries. Japan’s CbICS could provide more effective services when community activities adopt Thailand’s community-based elderly care. Relevant ministries should be more integrated for better service provision, and Japan’s PHC concept should be reconsidered for application to its peculiar situation.